SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response and rate of breakthrough infection in patients with hematological disorders


Por: Pinana, JL, Lopez-Corral, L, Martino, R, Vazquez, L, Perez, A, Martin-Martin, G, Gago, B, Sanz-Linares, G, Sanchez-Salinas, A, Villalon, L, Conesa-Garcia, V, Olave, MT, Corona, M, Marcos-Corrales, S, Tormo, M, Hernandez-Rivas, JA, Montoro, J, Rodriguez-Fernandez, A, Risco-Galvez, I, Rodriguez-Belenguer, P, Hernandez-Boluda, JC, Garcia-Cadenas, I, Ruiz-Garcia, M, Munoz-Bellido, JL, Solano, C, Cedillo, A, Sureda, A, Navarro, D

Publicada: 7 may 2022
Resumen:
Background The clinical efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines according to antibody response in immunosuppressed patients such as hematological patients has not yet been established. Patients and methods A prospective multicenter registry-based cohort study conducted from December 2020 to December 2021 by the Spanish transplant and cell therapy group was used to analyze the relationship of antibody response at 3-6 weeks after full vaccination (2 doses) with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in 1394 patients with hematological disorders. Results At a median follow-up of 165 days after complete immunization, 37 out of 1394 (2.6%) developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection at median of 77 days (range 7-195) after full vaccination. The incidence rate was 6.39 per 100 persons-year. Most patients were asymptomatic (19/37, 51.4%), whereas only 19% developed pneumonia. The mortality rate was 8%. Lack of detectable antibodies at 3-6 weeks after full vaccination was the only variable associated with breakthrough infection in multivariate logistic regression analysis (Odds Ratio 2.35, 95% confidence interval 1.2-4.6, p = 0.012). Median antibody titers were lower in cases than in non-cases [1.83 binding antibody units (BAU)/mL (range 0-4854.93) vs 730.81 BAU/mL (range 0-56,800), respectively (p = 0.007)]. We identified 250 BAU/mL as a cutoff above which incidence and severity of the infection were significantly lower. Conclusions Our study highlights the benefit of developing an antibody response in these highly immunosuppressed patients. Level of antibody titers at 3 to 6 weeks after 2-dose vaccination links with protection against both breakthrough infection and severe disease for non-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Filiaciones:
Pinana, JL:
 Hosp Clin Univ Valencia, Hematol Dept, Div Clin Hematol, Avda Blasco Ibanez 17, Valencia 46010, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Fdn INCLIVA, Inst Invest Sanitaria Hosp Clin, Valencia, Spain

Lopez-Corral, L:
 Hosp Univ Salamanca, Hematol Div, Salamanca, Spain

Martino, R:
 Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Hematol Div, Barcelona, Spain

Vazquez, L:
 Hosp Univ Salamanca, Hematol Div, Salamanca, Spain

Perez, A:
 Hosp Clin Univ Valencia, Hematol Dept, Div Clin Hematol, Avda Blasco Ibanez 17, Valencia 46010, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Fdn INCLIVA, Inst Invest Sanitaria Hosp Clin, Valencia, Spain

Martin-Martin, G:
 Hosp Univ Salamanca, Hematol Div, Salamanca, Spain

Gago, B:
 Hosp Reg Univ Carlos Haya, Hematol Div, Malaga, Spain

Sanz-Linares, G:
 Univ Barcelona, Inst Catala Oncol, Hematol Div, IDIBELL,Hosp Duran & Reynals, Barcelona, Spain

Sanchez-Salinas, A:
 Hosp Clin Univ Virgen de la Arrixaca, Hematol Div, Murcia, Spain

Villalon, L:
 Hosp Univ Fdn Alcorcon, Hematol Div, Madrid, Spain

Conesa-Garcia, V:
 Hosp Gen Univ Elche, Hematol Div, Elche, Spain

Olave, MT:
 IIS Aragon, Hematol Div, Hosp Clin Univ Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain

Corona, M:
 Hosp Ramon & Cajal, Hematol Div, Madrid, Spain

Marcos-Corrales, S:
 Hosp Univ Salamanca, Hematol Div, Salamanca, Spain

Tormo, M:
 Hosp Clin Univ Valencia, Hematol Dept, Div Clin Hematol, Avda Blasco Ibanez 17, Valencia 46010, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Fdn INCLIVA, Inst Invest Sanitaria Hosp Clin, Valencia, Spain

Hernandez-Rivas, JA:
 Hosp Univ Infanta Leonor, Hematol Div, Madrid, Spain

Montoro, J:
 Hosp Univ & Politecn La Fe, Hematol Div, Valencia, Spain

Rodriguez-Fernandez, A:
 Hosp Univ Virgen Macarena, Hematol Div, Seville, Spain

Risco-Galvez, I:
 Hosp Arnau Vilanova, Hematol Div, Valencia, Spain

Rodriguez-Belenguer, P:
 Univ Pompeu Fabra, Hosp del Mar, Dept Expt & Hlth Sci,Med Res Inst IMIM, Res Program Biomed Informat GRIB, Barcelona, Spain

Hernandez-Boluda, JC:
 Hosp Clin Univ Valencia, Hematol Dept, Div Clin Hematol, Avda Blasco Ibanez 17, Valencia 46010, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Fdn INCLIVA, Inst Invest Sanitaria Hosp Clin, Valencia, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain

Garcia-Cadenas, I:
 Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Hematol Div, Barcelona, Spain

Ruiz-Garcia, M:
 Hosp Gen Univ Elx, Elche, Spain

Munoz-Bellido, JL:
 Hosp Univ Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

Solano, C:
 Hosp Clin Univ Valencia, Hematol Dept, Div Clin Hematol, Avda Blasco Ibanez 17, Valencia 46010, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Fdn INCLIVA, Inst Invest Sanitaria Hosp Clin, Valencia, Spain

 Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain

Cedillo, A:
 Hematopoiet Stem Cell Transplantat & Cell Therapy, Madrid, Spain

Sureda, A:
 Univ Barcelona, Inst Catala Oncol, Hematol Div, IDIBELL,Hosp Duran & Reynals, Barcelona, Spain

Navarro, D:
 Univ Valencia, Fdn INCLIVA, Inst Invest Sanitaria Hosp Clin, Valencia, Spain

 Hosp Clin Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain
ISSN: 17568722
Editorial
BMC, CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, GB
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 15 Número: 1
Páginas:
WOS Id: 000791933700005
ID de PubMed: 35526045
imagen gold, Green Published, All Open Access, Gold, Green

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