Mindfulness, perceived stress, and subjective well-being: a correlational study in primary care health professionals
Por:
Atanes, ACM, Andreoni, S, Hirayama, MS, Montero-Marin, J, Barros, VV, Ronzani, TM, Kozasa, EH, Soler, J, Cebolla, A, Garcia-Campayo, J, Demarzo, MMP
Publicada:
2 sep 2015
Resumen:
Background: Primary health care professionals (PHPs) usually report high levels of distress and burnout symptoms related to job strain. Mindfulness, defined as non-judgmental-present-moment awareness, seems to be a moderator in the causal association between life stressors and well-being. This study aimed to verify correlations among self-reported mindfulness, perceived stress (PS), and subjective well-being (SW) in Brazilian PHPs.
Methods: We performed a correlational cross-sectional study in a purposive sample of Brazilian PHPs (physicians, nurses, nursing assistants, and community health workers), working in community-oriented primary care programs (known locally as "Family Health Programs"). We used validated self-reporting instruments: the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Subjective Well-being Scale (SWS). We performed a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), through regression coefficients (beta) in relation to the professional category (nursing assistant), in addition to the length of time in the same job (under than 6 months) that had indicated the lowest level of PS.
Results: Participants (n = 450) comprised community health workers (65.8 %), nursing assistants (18 %), registered nurses (10.0 %), and doctors (family physicians) (6.0 %); 94 % were female and 83.1 % had worked in the same position for more than one year. MANOVA regression analysis showed differences across professional categories and length of time in the same job position in relation to mindfulness, PS, and SW. Nurses demonstrated lower levels of mindfulness, higher PS, and SW negative affect, as well as lower SW positive affect. Being at work for 1 year or longer showed a clear association with higher PS and lower SW positive affect, and no significance with mindfulness levels. Pearson's coefficient values indicated strong negative correlations between mindfulness and PS, and medium correlations between mindfulness and SW.
Conclusion: In this study, there were clear correlations between mindfulness, PS, and SW across different primary care professional categories and time in the same job position, suggesting specific vulnerabilities that should be addressed through the development of staff awareness, stress prevention, and well-being interventions.
Filiaciones:
Atanes, ACM:
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, Mente Aberta Brazilian Ctr Mindfulness & Hlth Pro, Rua Botucatu 740, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Andreoni, S:
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, Mente Aberta Brazilian Ctr Mindfulness & Hlth Pro, Rua Botucatu 740, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Hirayama, MS:
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, Mente Aberta Brazilian Ctr Mindfulness & Hlth Pro, Rua Botucatu 740, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Montero-Marin, J:
Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza 500009, Spain
Barros, VV:
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, Mente Aberta Brazilian Ctr Mindfulness & Hlth Pro, Rua Botucatu 740, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Ronzani, TM:
Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, BR-36036900 Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil
Kozasa, EH:
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo Med Sch, Dept Psychobiol, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Inst Israelita Ensino Pesquisa Albert Einstein, Inst Cerebro, BR-05601901 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Soler, J:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Dept Psychiat, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autonoma Barcelona UAB, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIB SANT PAU, Barcelona, Spain
Cebolla, A:
Univ Jaume 1, Dept Psicol Basica Clin & Psicobiol, Castellon de La Plana, Spain
CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBERobn, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
Garcia-Campayo, J:
Univ Zaragoza, Zaragoza 500009, Spain
Demarzo, MMP:
Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Prevent Med, Escola Paulista Med, Mente Aberta Brazilian Ctr Mindfulness & Hlth Pro, Rua Botucatu 740, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Gold, Green Published
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