Using the Electronic Nose to Identify Airway Infection during COPD Exacerbations
Por:
Shafiek, H, Fiorentino, F, Merino, JL, Lopez, C, Oliver, A, Segura, J, de Paul, I, Sibila, O, Agust, A, Cosio, BG
Publicada:
9 sep 2015
Resumen:
Background
The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. We hypothesized that the exhaled VOCs print is different in stable vs. exacerbated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly if the latter is associated with airway bacterial infection, and that the e-nose can distinguish them.
Methods
Smell-prints of the bacteria most commonly involved in exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) were identified in vitro. Subsequently, we tested our hypothesis in 93 patients with ECOPD, 19 of them with pneumonia, 50 with stable COPD and 30 healthy controls in a cross-sectional case-controlled study. Secondly, ECOPD patients were re-studied after 2 months if clinically stable. Exhaled air was collected within a Tedlar bag and processed by a Cynarose 320 e-nose. Breath-prints were analyzed by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) with "One Out" technique and Sensor logic Relations (SLR). Sputum samples were collected for culture.
Results
ECOPD with evidence of infection were significantly distinguishable from non-infected ECOPD (p = 0.018), with better accuracy when ECOPD was associated to pneumonia. The same patients with ECOPD were significantly distinguishable from stable COPD during follow-up (p = 0.018), unless the patient was colonized. Additionally, breath-prints from COPD patients were significantly distinguished from healthy controls. Various bacteria species were identified in culture but the e-nose was unable to identify accurately the bacteria smell-print in infected patients.
Conclusion
E-nose can identify ECOPD, especially if associated with airway bacterial infection or pneumonia.
Filiaciones:
Shafiek, H:
Hosp Univ Son Espases IdISPa, Dept Resp Med, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Univ Alexandria, Fac Med, Dept Chest Dis, Alexandria, Egypt
Fiorentino, F:
Hosp Univ Son Espases IdISPa, Dept Resp Med, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Merino, JL:
UIB, GSE, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Lopez, C:
Hosp Univ Son Espases IdISPa, Dept Microbiol, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Oliver, A:
Hosp Univ Son Espases IdISPa, Dept Microbiol, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Segura, J:
UIB, GSE, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
de Paul, I:
UIB, GSE, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Sibila, O:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, IIB St Pau, Dept Resp Med, Barcelona, Spain
Agust, A:
Univ Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, Thorax Inst, Barcelona, Spain
CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
Cosio, BG:
Hosp Univ Son Espases IdISPa, Dept Resp Med, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
Gold, Green Published
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