Effect of rifaximin on infections, acute-on-chronic liver failure and mortality in alcoholic hepatitis: A pilot study (RIFA-AH)


Por: Jimenez, C, Ventura-Cots, M, Sala, M, Calafat, M, Garcia-Retortillo, M, Cirera, I, Canete, N, Soriano, G, Poca, M, Simon-Talero, M, Altamirano, J, Lucey, M, Garcia-Tsao, G, Brown, RS, Schwabe, RF, Verna, EC, Schnabl, B, Bosques-Padilla, F, Mathurin, P, Caballeria, J, Louvet, A, Shawcross, DL, Abraldes, JG, Genesca, J, Bataller, R, Vargas, V

Publicada: 1 may 2022 Ahead of Print: 1 mar 2022
Resumen:
Background & Aims Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is associated with a high incidence of infection and mortality. Rifaximin reduces bacterial overgrowth and translocation. We aimed to study whether the administration of rifaximin as an adjuvant treatment to corticosteroids decreases the number of bacterial infections at 90 days in patients with severe AH compared to a control cohort. Methods This was a multicentre, open, comparative pilot study of the addition of rifaximin (1200 mg/day/90 days) to the standard treatment for severe AH. The results were compared with a carefully matched historical cohort of patients treated with standard therapy and matching by age and model of end-stage liver disease (MELD). We evaluated bacterial infections, liver-related complications, mortality and liver function tests after 90 days. Results Twenty-one and 42 patients were included in the rifaximin and control groups respectively. No significant baseline differences were found between groups. The mean number of infections per patient was 0.29 and 0.62 in the rifaximin and control groups, respectively (p = .049), with a lower incidence of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) linked to infections within the treatment group. Liver-related complications were lower within the rifaximin group (0.43 vs. 1.26 complications/patient respectively) (p = .01). Mortality was lower in the treated versus the control groups (14.2% vs. 30.9, p = .15) without significant differences. No serious adverse events were associated with rifaximin treatment. Conclusions Rifaximin is safe in severe AH with a significant reduction in clinical complications. A lower number of infections and a trend towards a lower ACLF and mortality favours its use in these patients.

Filiaciones:
Jimenez, C:
 Vall dHebron Hosp Univ, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Vall dHebron Inst Recerca, Dept Med, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

Ventura-Cots, M:
 Vall dHebron Hosp Univ, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Vall dHebron Inst Recerca, Dept Med, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Ctr Liver Dis, Pittsburgh Liver Res Ctr,Div Gastroenterol Hepato, Pittsburgh, PA USA

Sala, M:
 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

 Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Gastroenterol Dept, Badalona, Spain

Calafat, M:
 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

 Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Gastroenterol Dept, Badalona, Spain

Garcia-Retortillo, M:
 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp Mar, IMIM Hosp Mar Med Res Inst, Liver Sect,Gastroenterol Dept, Barcelona, Spain

Cirera, I:
 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp Mar, IMIM Hosp Mar Med Res Inst, Liver Sect,Gastroenterol Dept, Barcelona, Spain

Canete, N:
 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp Mar, IMIM Hosp Mar Med Res Inst, Liver Sect,Gastroenterol Dept, Barcelona, Spain

Soriano, G:
 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

 Hosp La Santa Creu & St Pau, Dept Gastroenterol, Barcelona, Spain

 Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIB St Pau, Gastroenterol, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Med, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain

Poca, M:
 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

 Hosp La Santa Creu & St Pau, Dept Gastroenterol, Barcelona, Spain

 Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIB St Pau, Gastroenterol, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Med, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain

Simon-Talero, M:
 Vall dHebron Hosp Univ, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Vall dHebron Inst Recerca, Dept Med, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

Altamirano, J:
 Hosp Quironsalud, Dept Internal Med, Barcelona, Spain

Lucey, M:
 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA

Garcia-Tsao, G:
 Yale Univ, Sect Digest Dis, New Haven, CT USA

 Dept Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare, Connecticut Sect Digest Dis, West Haven, CT USA

Brown, RS:
 Weill Cornell Med Coll, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, New York City, New York, NY USA

 Weill Cornell Med Coll, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, New York, NY USA

Schwabe, RF:
 Columbia Univ, Dept Med, New York, NY USA

Verna, EC:
 Columbia Univ, Ctr Liver Dis & Transplantat, Irving Med Ctr, New York, NY USA

Schnabl, B:
 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

Bosques-Padilla, F:
 Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Hosp San Jose Tecnol Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico

Mathurin, P:
 Serv Malad Lappareil Digestif & Unite INSERM U995, Lille, France

Caballeria, J:
 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

 Hosp Clin Barcelona, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

Louvet, A:
 Serv Malad Lappareil Digestif & Unite INSERM U995, Lille, France

Shawcross, DL:
 Kings Coll London, Sch Immunol & Microbial Sci, Inst Liver Sci, Dept Inflammat Biol, London, England

Abraldes, JG:
 Univ Alberta, Div Gastroenterol, Liver Unit, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Genesca, J:
 Vall dHebron Hosp Univ, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Vall dHebron Inst Recerca, Dept Med, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain

Bataller, R:
 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Ctr Liver Dis, Pittsburgh Liver Res Ctr,Div Gastroenterol Hepato, Pittsburgh, PA USA

Vargas, V:
 Vall dHebron Hosp Univ, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Vall dHebron Inst Recerca, Dept Med, Liver Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Hepat & Digest, Madrid, Spain
ISSN: 14783223
Editorial
WILEY, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA, Dinamarca
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 42 Número: 5
Páginas: 1109-1120
WOS Id: 000765363000001
ID de PubMed: 35220659
imagen hybrid, All Open Access, Hybrid Gold

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