Ayahuasca enhances creative divergent thinking while decreasing conventional convergent thinking


Por: Kuypers, KPC, Riba, J, Revenga, MD, Barker, S, Theunissen, EL, Ramaekers, JG

Publicada: 1 sep 2016
Resumen:
Ayahuasca is a South American psychotropic plant tea traditionally used in Amazonian shamanism. The tea contains the psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), plus beta-carboline alkaloids with monoamine oxidase-inhibiting properties. Increasing evidence from anecdotal reports and open-label studies indicates that ayahuasca may have therapeutic effects in treatment of substance use disorders and depression. A recent study on the psychological effects of ayahuasca found that the tea reduces judgmental processing and inner reactivity, classic goals of mindfulness psychotherapy. Another psychological facet that could potentially be targeted by ayahuasca is creative divergent thinking. This mode of thinking can enhance and strengthen psychological flexibility by allowing individuals to generate new and effective cognitive, emotional, and behavioral strategies. The present study aimed to assess the potential effects of ayahuasca on creative thinking. We visited two spiritual ayahuasca workshops and invited participants to conduct creativity tests before and during the acute effects of ayahuasca. In total, 26 participants consented. Creativity tests included the "pattern/line meanings test" (PLMT) and the "picture concept test" (PCT), both assessing divergent thinking and the latter also assessing convergent thinking. While no significant effects were found for the PLMT, ayahuasca intake significantly modified divergent and convergent thinking as measured by the PCT. While convergent thinking decreased after intake, divergent thinking increased. The present data indicate that ayahuasca enhances creative divergent thinking. They suggest that ayahuasca increases psychological flexibility, which may facilitate psychotherapeutic interventions and support clinical trial initiatives.

Filiaciones:
Kuypers, KPC:
 Maastricht Univ, Fac Psychol & Neurosci, Dept Neuropsychol & Psychopharmacol, Maastricht, Netherlands

Riba, J:
 St Pau Inst Biomed Res, Human Expt Neuropsychopharmacol, Barcelona, Spain

Revenga, MD:
 St Pau Inst Biomed Res, Human Expt Neuropsychopharmacol, Barcelona, Spain

Barker, S:
 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Comparat Biomed Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA

Theunissen, EL:
 Maastricht Univ, Fac Psychol & Neurosci, Dept Neuropsychol & Psychopharmacol, Maastricht, Netherlands

Ramaekers, JG:
 Maastricht Univ, Fac Psychol & Neurosci, Dept Neuropsychol & Psychopharmacol, Maastricht, Netherlands
ISSN: 00333158





PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
Editorial
SPRINGER, ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES, Alemania
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 233 Número: 18
Páginas: 3395-3403
WOS Id: 000382152300010
ID de PubMed: 27435062
imagen Green Published, Hybrid Gold

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