Cocaine addiction is associated with abnormal prefrontal function, increased striatal connectivity and sensitivity to monetary incentives, and decreased connectivity outside the human reward circuit
Por:
Vaquero, L, Camara, E, Sampedro, F, de los Cobos, JP, Batlle, F, Fabregas, JM, Sales, JA, Cervantes, M, Ferrer, X, Lazcano, G, Rodriguez-Fornells, A, RIBA, J.
Publicada:
1 may 2017
Resumen:
Cocaine addiction has been associated with increased sensitivity of the human reward circuit to drug-related stimuli. However, the capacity of non-drug incentives to engage this network is poorly understood. Here, we characterized the functional sensitivity to monetary incentives and the structural integrity of the human reward circuit in abstinent cocaine-dependent (CD) patients and their matched controls. We assessed the BOLD response to monetary gains and losses in 30 CD patients and 30 healthy controls performing a lottery task in a magnetic resonance imaging scanner. We measured brain gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel-based morphometry and white matter microstructure using voxel-based fractional anisotropy (FA). Functional data showed that, after monetary incentives, CD patients exhibited higher activation in the ventral striatum than controls. Furthermore, we observed an inverted BOLD response pattern in the prefrontal cortex, with activity being highest after unexpected high gains and lowest after losses. Patients showed increased GMV in the caudate and the orbitofrontal cortex, increased white matter FA in the orbito-striatal pathway but decreased FA in antero-posterior association bundles. Abnormal activation in the prefrontal cortex correlated with GMVand FA increases in the orbitofrontal cortex. While functional abnormalities in the ventral striatumwere inversely correlated with abstinence duration, structural alterationswere not. In conclusion, results suggest abnormal incentive processing in CD patients with high salience for rewards and punishments in subcortical structures but diminished prefrontal control after adverse outcomes. They further suggest that hypertrophy and hyperconnectivity within the reward circuit, to the expense of connectivity outside this network, characterize cocaine addiction.
Filiaciones:
Vaquero, L:
Bellvitge Biomed Res Inst IDIBELL, Cognit & Brain Plast Grp, Lhospitalet De Llobregat, Spain
Univ Barcelona, Dept Basic Psychol, Barcelona, Spain
Camara, E:
Bellvitge Biomed Res Inst IDIBELL, Cognit & Brain Plast Grp, Lhospitalet De Llobregat, Spain
Sampedro, F:
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Sch Med, Barcelona, Spain
de los Cobos, JP:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, St Pau Biomed Res Inst IIB St Pau, Dept Psychiat, Addict Behav Unit, Barcelona, Spain
Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Dept Psychiat & Legal Med, Barcelona, Spain
Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
Batlle, F:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, St Pau Biomed Res Inst IIB St Pau, Dept Psychiat, Addict Behav Unit, Barcelona, Spain
Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Dept Psychiat & Legal Med, Barcelona, Spain
Fabregas, JM:
Ctr Res & Treatment Addict CITA, Madrid, Spain
Sales, JA:
Grp ATRA, Madrid, Spain
Cervantes, M:
Grp ATRA, Madrid, Spain
Ferrer, X:
Fundacio Salut & Comunitat, Madrid, Spain
Univ Barcelona, Sch Psychol, Addict Postgrad Course, Barcelona, Spain
Lazcano, G:
Fundacio Salut & Comunitat, Madrid, Spain
Rodriguez-Fornells, A:
Bellvitge Biomed Res Inst IDIBELL, Cognit & Brain Plast Grp, Lhospitalet De Llobregat, Spain
Univ Barcelona, Dept Basic Psychol, Barcelona, Spain
ICREA, Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies, Barcelona, Spain
RIBA, J.:
Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
St Pau Inst Biomed Res IIB St Pau, Human Neuropsychopharmacol Grp, Barcelona, Spain
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Serv Farmacol Clin, Ctr Invest Medicaments, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Farmacol & Terapaut, Barcelona, Spain
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