A plain language summary of results from the ADAURA study: osimertinib after surgery for patients who have early-stage EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer
Por:
Wu, YL, Tsuboi, M, John, T, Grohe, C, Majem, M, Goldman, JW, Laktionov, K, Kim, SW, Kato, T, Vu, HV, Lu, S, Lee, KY, Akewanlop, C, Yu, CJ, de Marinis, F, Bonanno, L, Domine, M, Shepherd, FA, Zeng, LM, Hodge, R, Atasoy, A, Rukazenkov, Y, Herbst, RS
Publicada:
1 nov 2021
Ahead of Print:
1 nov 2021
Resumen:
Here, we summarize the initial results from the ADAURA clinical study looking at treatment with osimertinib in patients with a specific type of non-small cell lung cancer (also called NSCLC). Osimertinib (TAGRISSO (R)) is a medication used to treat a type of NSCLC with a change (mutation) in the EGFR gene, known as EGFR-mutated NSCLC. EGFR stands for 'epidermal growth factor receptor'. It is a protein present on the surface of both healthy and cancer cells that can regulate how cells grow and divide. Sometimes, certain mutations in EGFR can result in the EGFR protein malfunctioning, which can lead to the formation of cancer, like EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Based on previous clinical studies, osimertinib is already approved for use in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC that has spread beyond the lung (metastatic disease). This medication works to stop, prevent, or slow the growth of EGFR-mutated NSCLC tumors, by specifically blocking the activity of EGFR.
In the ADAURA clinical study, participants had resectable EGFR-mutated NSCLC, which means they had tumors that can be removed by surgery. Participants took either osimertinib or a placebo (a dummy drug with no active ingredient) after having their tumors removed by surgery. Post-surgery chemotherapy was allowed, but not compulsory (this was decided by the participant and their doctor). To date, the study has shown that osimertinib could be beneficial for patients with resectable EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Participants who took osimertinib have stayed cancer-free for longer than those who took the placebo, regardless of whether or not they received chemotherapy after surgery. Osimertinib treatment also reduced the risk of tumors spreading to the brain and spinal cord, otherwise known as the central nervous system (also called CNS). The side effects experienced by the participants taking osimertinib have been consistent with what we already know.
Based on the results from ADAURA, osimertinib has been approved for the treatment of resectable EGFR-mutated NSCLC after tumor removal. The ADAURA study is still ongoing and more results are expected to be released in the future.
Filiaciones:
Wu, YL:
Guangdong Prov Peoples Hosp, Guangdong Lung Canc Inst, Guangzhou, Peoples R China
Guangiong Acad Med Sci, Guangzhou, Peoples R China
Tsuboi, M:
Natl Canc Ctr Hosp East, Dept Thorac Surg & Oncol, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
John, T:
Austin Hlth, Dept Med Oncol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Grohe, C:
Evangel Lungenklin, Dept Resp Dis, Berlin, Germany
Majem, M:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Dept Med Oncol, Barcelona, Spain
Goldman, JW:
Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
Laktionov, K:
Russian Acad Med Sci, Ctr Innovat Technol & Oncol, NN Blokhin Russian Canc Ctr, Moscow, Russia
Kim, SW:
Univ Ulsan, Asan Med Ctr, Dept Oncol, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea
Kato, T:
Kanagawa Canc Ctr, Dept Thorac Oncol, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Vu, HV:
Choray Hosp, Dept Thorac Surg, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Lu, S:
Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Chest Hosp, Lung Canc Ctr, Shanghai, Peoples R China
Lee, KY:
Konkuk Univ, Lung Canc Ctr, Precis Med, Med Ctr, Seoul, South Korea
Akewanlop, C:
Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Div Med Oncol, Bangkok, Thailand
Yu, CJ:
Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Hsinchu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Taipei, Taiwan
de Marinis, F:
IRCCS, Thorac Oncol Div, European Inst Oncol IEO, Milan, Italy
Bonanno, L:
Ist Oncol Veneto IOV IRCCS, Med Oncol 2, Padua, Italy
Domine, M:
Inst Invest Sanitaria Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
Shepherd, FA:
Princess Margaret Hosp, Univ Hlth Network, Dept Med Oncol & Hematol, Toronto, ON, Canada
Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Zeng, LM:
AstraZeneca, Late Oncol Stat, Gaithersburg, MD USA
Hodge, R:
AstraZeneca, Late Oncol Stat, Cambridge, England
Atasoy, A:
AstraZeneca, Late Oncol Res & Dev, Cambridge, England
Rukazenkov, Y:
AstraZeneca, Late Oncol Res & Dev, Cambridge, England
Herbst, RS:
Yale Sch, Med Oncol, Med & Yale Canc Ctr, New Haven, CT USA
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