Lenvatinib plus Pembrolizumab or Everolimus for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma


Por: Motzer, R, Alekseev, B, Rha, SY, Porta, C, Eto, M, Powles, T, Grunwald, V, Hutson, TE, Kopyltsov, E, Mendez-Vidal, MJ, Kozlov, V, Alyasova, A, Hong, SH, Kapoor, A, Gordoa, TA, Merchan, JR, Winquist, E, Maroto, P, Goh, JC, Kim, M, Gurney, H, Patel, V, Peer, A, Procopio, G, Takagi, T, Melichar, B, Rolland, F, De Giorgi, U, Wong, S, Bedke, J, Schmidinger, M, Dutcus, CE, Smith, AD, Dutta, L, Mody, K, Perini, RF, Xing, DY, Choueiri, TK, CLEAR Trial Investigators

Publicada: 8 abr 2021
Resumen:
BACKGROUND Lenvatinib in combination with pembrolizumab or everolimus has activity against advanced renal cell carcinoma. The efficacy of these regimens as compared with that of sunitinib is unclear. METHODS In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned (in a 1:1:1 ratio) patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma and no previous systemic therapy to receive lenvatinib (20 mg orally once daily) plus pembrolizumab (200 mg intravenously once every 3 weeks), lenvatinib (18 mg orally once daily) plus everolimus (5 mg orally once daily), or sunitinib (50 mg orally once daily, alternating 4 weeks receiving treatment and 2 weeks without treatment). The primary end point was progression-free survival, as assessed by an independent review committee in accordance with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. Overall survival and safety were also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 1069 patients were randomly assigned to receive lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (355 patients), lenvatinib plus everolimus (357), or sunitinib (357). Progression-free survival was longer with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab than with sunitinib (median, 23.9 vs. 9.2 months; hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32 to 0.49; P<0.001) and was longer with lenvatinib plus everolimus than with sunitinib (median, 14.7 vs. 9.2 months; hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.80; P<0.001). Overall survival was longer with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab than with sunitinib (hazard ratio for death, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.88; P=0.005) but was not longer with lenvatinib plus everolimus than with sunitinib (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.50; P = 0.30). Grade 3 or higher adverse events emerged or worsened during treatment in 82.4% of the patients who received lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab, 83.1% of those who received lenvatinib plus everolimus, and 71.8% of those who received sunitinib. Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurring in at least 10% of the patients in any group included hypertension, diarrhea, and elevated lipase levels. CONCLUSIONS Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab was associated with significantly longer progression-free survival and overall survival than sunitinib.

Filiaciones:
Motzer, R:
 Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA

Alekseev, B:
 P Hertsen Moscow Oncol Res Inst, Moscow, Russia

Rha, SY:
 Yonsei Univ Hlth Syst, Yonsei Canc Ctr, Seoul, South Korea

Porta, C:
 San Matteo Univ Hosp Fdn, Pavia, Italy

Eto, M:
 Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka, Japan

Powles, T:
 Royal Free NHS Trust, London, England

Grunwald, V:
 Univ Hosp Essen, Essen, Germany

Hutson, TE:
 Texas Oncol, Dallas, TX USA

Kopyltsov, E:
 State Inst Hlth Care Reg Clin Oncol Dispensary, Omsk, Russia

Mendez-Vidal, MJ:
 Univ Reina Sofia, Cordoba Hosp, Maimonides Inst Biomed Res, Dept Med Oncol, Cordoba, Spain

Kozlov, V:
 State Budgetary Hlth Care Inst Novosibirsk Reg Cl, Novosibirsk, Russia

Alyasova, A:
 Prevoljskiy Reg Med Ctr, Novgorod, Russia

Hong, SH:
 Catholic Univ Korea, Seoul St Marys Hosp, Seoul, South Korea

Kapoor, A:
 McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Gordoa, TA:
 Hosp Univ Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

Merchan, JR:
 Univ Miami, Sylvester Comprehens Canc Ctr, Miami, FL USA

Winquist, E:
 Western Univ, London, ON, Canada

Maroto, P:
 Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain

Goh, JC:
 ICON Res, South Brisbane, Qld, Australia

 Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

Kim, M:
 Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Seoul, South Korea

Gurney, H:
 Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Patel, V:
 Florida Canc Specialists, Gainesville, FL USA

Peer, A:
 Rambam Hlth Care Campus, Haifa, Israel

Procopio, G:
 Ist Nazl Tumori IRCCS, Milan, Italy

Takagi, T:
 Tokyo Womens Med Univ, Tokyo, Japan

Melichar, B:
 Palacky Univ, Olomouc, Czech Republic

 Univ Hosp Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

Rolland, F:
 Ctr Rene Gauducheau, St Herblain, France

De Giorgi, U:
 Ist Sci Romagnolo Studio & Cura Tumori IRCCS, Meldola, Italy

Wong, S:
 Western Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Bedke, J:
 Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany

Schmidinger, M:
 Med Univ Vienna, Dept Urol, Vienna, Austria

Dutcus, CE:
 Eisai, Woodcliff Lake, NJ USA

Smith, AD:
 Eisai, Hatfield, Herts, England

Dutta, L:
 Eisai, Woodcliff Lake, NJ USA

Mody, K:
 Eisai, Woodcliff Lake, NJ USA

Perini, RF:
 Merck, Kenilworth, NJ USA

Xing, DY:
 Eisai, Woodcliff Lake, NJ USA

Choueiri, TK:
 Dana Farber Canc Inst, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
ISSN: 00284793





NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
Editorial
MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC, WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 384 Número: 14
Páginas: 1289-1300
WOS Id: 000637799800007
ID de PubMed: 33616314
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