Extracellular vesicles in atherothrombosis and cardiovascular disease: Friends and foes
Por:
Giro, O, Jimenez, A, Pane, A, Badimon, L, Ortega, E, Chiva-Blanch, G
Publicada:
1 ago 2021
Ahead of Print:
1 jul 2021
Resumen:
Extracellular vesicles (EV, exosomes and microvesicles -MV-) are 30-1000 nm particles surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer membrane that are released from almost all cell types through several pathways. EV encapsulate bioactive molecules, and the molecular cargo is determined by the trigger stimulating its release, reflecting its cell origin and biological functions. This review is primarily focused on the latest evidence of the roles of EV, released from cells involved in the different stages of atherothrombosis. The potential translation of this information to the clinical arena is also discussed. EV can have both pro- and anti-atherothrombotic effects depending on several factors, such as the type of vesicle (MV/exosome), its molecular cargo, its cell of origin, and the context in which are generated, i.e., the stimulus triggering its release. In fact, EV actively participate in every step of atherosclerosis onset and progression, and also in thrombus formation leading to a major adverse cardiovascular event. Moreover, EV have a determinant role in fibrous cap stability, thus determining the propensity of the plaque to rupture. On the other hand, and again, conditioned by the context and stimulus instigating its secretion, some EV may have protective biological functions, perhaps as a compensatory mechanism or even with reparative or regenerative potential. Therefore, the study of the implication of EV in atherothrombosis might be of relevance to unveil new therapeutic targets, vectors and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Filiaciones:
Giro, O:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, August Pi & Sunyer Biomed Res Inst IDIBAPS, Dept Endocrinol & Nutr, Barcelona, Spain
Jimenez, A:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, August Pi & Sunyer Biomed Res Inst IDIBAPS, Dept Endocrinol & Nutr, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III ISCIII, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain
Pane, A:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, August Pi & Sunyer Biomed Res Inst IDIBAPS, Dept Endocrinol & Nutr, Barcelona, Spain
Badimon, L:
IIB St Pau, Cardiovasc Program ICCC, Inst Recerca Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III ISCIII, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Cardiovasc CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
Ortega, E:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, August Pi & Sunyer Biomed Res Inst IDIBAPS, Dept Endocrinol & Nutr, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III ISCIII, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain
Chiva-Blanch, G:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, August Pi & Sunyer Biomed Res Inst IDIBAPS, Dept Endocrinol & Nutr, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III ISCIII, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain
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