Progress in cardiac research: from rebooting cardiac regeneration to a complete cell atlas of the heart
Por:
Davidson, SM, Padro, T, Bollini, S, Vilahur, G, Duncker, DJ, Evans, PC, Guzik, T, Hoefer, IE, Waltenberger, J, Wojta, J, Weber, C
Publicada:
1 sep 2021
Ahead of Print:
1 jun 2021
Resumen:
We review some of the important discoveries and advances made in basic and translational cardiac research in 2020. For example, in the field of myocardial infarction (MI), new aspects of autophagy and the importance of eosinophils were described. Novel approaches, such as a glycocalyx mimetic, were used to improve cardiac recovery following MI. The strategy of 3D bio-printing was shown to allow the fabrication of a chambered cardiac organoid. The benefit of combining tissue engineering with paracrine therapy to heal injured myocardium is discussed. We highlight the importance of cell-to-cell communication, in particular, the relevance of extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, which transport proteins, lipids, non-coding RNAs, and mRNAs and actively contribute to angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration. In this rapidly growing field, new strategies were developed to stimulate the release of reparative exosomes in ischaemic myocardium. Single-cell sequencing technology is causing a revolution in the study of transcriptional expression at cellular resolution, revealing unanticipated heterogeneity within cardiomyocytes, pericytes and fibroblasts, and revealing a unique subpopulation of cardiac fibroblasts. Several studies demonstrated that exosome- and non-coding RNA-mediated approaches can enhance human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) viability and differentiation into mature cardiomyocytes. Important details of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter and its relevance were elucidated. Novel aspects of cancer therapeutic-induced cardiotoxicity were described, such as the novel circular RNA circITCH, which may lead to novel treatments. Finally, we provide some insights into the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the heart.
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Filiaciones:
Davidson, SM:
UCL, Hatter Cardiovasc Inst, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, England
Padro, T:
Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau IIB St Pau, Inst Recerca, Cardiovasc Program ICCC, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III ISCIII, CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasc CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
Bollini, S:
Univ Genoa, Dept Expt Med DIMES, Genoa, Italy
Vilahur, G:
Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau IIB St Pau, Inst Recerca, Cardiovasc Program ICCC, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III ISCIII, CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasc CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
Duncker, DJ:
Erasmus MC, Thoraxctr, Dept Cardiol, Div Expt Cardiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Evans, PC:
Univ Sheffield, Dept Infect Immun & Cardiovasc Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England
Univ Sheffield, Insigneo Inst, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England
Guzik, T:
Univ Glasgow, British Heart Fdn Ctr Cardiovasc Res, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland
Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med, Krakow, Poland
Hoefer, IE:
Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Cent Diagnost Lab, Utrecht, Netherlands
Waltenberger, J:
Univ Munster, Med Fac, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Munster, Germany
Wojta, J:
Med Univ Vienna, Dept Internal Med 2, Vienna, Austria
Weber, C:
Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Cardiovasc Prevent IPEK, DZHK German Ctr Cardiovasc Res, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Cardiovasc Prevent IPEK, DZHK German Ctr Cardiovasc Res, Munich Cluster Syst Neurol SyNergy, Munich, Germany
Maastricht Univ, Cardiovasc Res Inst Maastricht CARIM, Dept Biochem, Maastricht, Netherlands
Bronze, Green Published
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