Relevance of serum neurofilament light chain determination as a biomarker in multiple sclerosis. Consensus of the Spanish Society of Neurology's Study Group on Multiple Sclerosis and Related Neuroimmune Diseases
Por:
Domínguez, JMG, Villar, LM, Arrambide, G, Blanco, Y, Calles, MC, Casanova, B, Castillo-Triviño, T, França, LCF, Eichau, S, Pérez, MAH, Landete, L, Lallana, JM, Oreja-Guevara, C, Prieto, JM, Querol, L, Caminero, AB
Publicada:
1 may 2026
Resumen:
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system with a complex and uncertain etiology. Although therapeutic advances have improved disease control, both prognosis and treatment monitoring continue to be challenging. Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), a marker of neuroaxonal damage, is emerging as a useful biomarker to improve disease monitoring. Development: This article addresses the interpretation of sNfL levels in patients with MS and their correlation with inflammatory activity and disease progression. We also discuss the role of sNfL in detecting subclinical axonal damage, which may allow for adjustments in therapeutic decision-making at different stages of the disease. Conclusions: Incorporating sNfL measurement into the routine practice of neurologists, as a complement to clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging, represents an advance in the follow-up of patients with MS. In specific scenarios, as detailed in the article, it can help optimise therapeutic decision-making and prevent further neuroaxonal damage. While the current evidence is already strong, further validation of its application is necessary. The widespread use of this biomarker by neurologists is a key step in generating that evidence. (c) 2025 Sociedad Espanola de Neurolog & imath;a. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Filiaciones:
Domínguez, JMG:
Hosp Univ Gregorio Marano, Unidad Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Madrid, Spain
HM Hosp, Madrid, Spain
Villar, LM:
Hosp Univ Ramon & Cajal, Serv Inmunol, Madrid, Spain
Arrambide, G:
Vall dHebron Barcelona Hosp Campus, Ctr Esclerosis Multiple Cataluna Cemcat, Dept Neurol Neuroinmunol, Barcelona, Spain
Blanco, Y:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, Unidad Neuroinmunol & Esclerosis Multiple, Barcelona, Spain
Calles, MC:
Hosp Univ Son Espases, Unidad Esclerosis Multiple, Palma De Mallorca, Spain
Casanova, B:
Hosp La Fe Valencia, Unidad Esclerosis Multiple, Valencia, Spain
Castillo-Triviño, T:
Hosp Univ Donostia, Serv Neurol, San Sebastian, Spain
França, LCF:
Hosp Univ Ramon & Cajal, Serv Neurol, Madrid, Spain
Eichau, S:
Hosp Virgen Macarena, Serv Neurol, Seville, Spain
Pérez, MAH:
Hosp Univ Nuestra Senora Candelaria, Serv Neurol, Tenerife, Spain
Landete, L:
Hosp Univ Dr Peset, Serv Neurol, Valencia, Spain
Lallana, JM:
Hosp Clin Univ Virgen Arrixaca, CSUR Esclerosis Multiple, Unidad Neuroinmunol Clin, Serv Neurol,IMIB Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
Univ Catolica San Antonio, Catedra Neuroinmunol Clin & Esclerosis Multiple, UCAM, Murcia, Spain
Oreja-Guevara, C:
Univ Complutense Madrid, Hosp Clin San Carlos, Dept Med, Serv Neurol,Idissc, Madrid, Spain
Prieto, JM:
Hosp Clin Univ Santiago de Compostela, Serv Neurol, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
Querol, L:
Hosp Santa Creu i St Pau, Serv Neurol, Barcelona, Spain
Caminero, AB:
Complejo Asistencial Avila, Serv Neurol, Avila, Spain
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