Exploring the relationship between maternal carbohydrate quality and quantity during pregnancy and early childhood neurodevelopment: a prospective cohort study within the BiSC cohort
Por:
Panisello, L, Mateu-Fabregat, J, Novau-Ferré, N, Ayala-Aldana, N, Bernardo-Castro, S, Ferrer, M, Jiménez-Arenas, P, Llurba, E, Lassale, C, Gomez-Roig, MD, Vioque, J, González-Palacios, S, Contreras-Rodríguez, O, Foraster, M, Gascon, M, Sunyer, J, Awad, C, Júlvez, J, Bullo, M
Publicada:
1 dic 2025
Resumen:
PurposeMaternal nutrition during pregnancy is key for offspring neurodevelopment. Given the role of glucose in brain function, assessing carbohydrate quantity and quality, including glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and carbohydrate quality index (CQI), may provide insights into early brain development. This study examined the associations between maternal dietary carbohydrate intake and neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood.MethodsThe prospective cohort study included 1080 mother-child pairs from the Barcelona Life Study Cohort. Maternal dietary carbohydrate intake, GI, GL and CQI were assessed during mid-pregnancy using a food frequency questionnaire. Child neurodevelopment was evaluated at 8 and 28 months using the Developmental Profile 3 (DP-3) and at 18 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). Associations were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for relevant maternal and child covariates.ResultsIncreased maternal carbohydrate intake, GI, and GL were inversely associated with language development (beta (95% CI): - 2.67 (- 5.13, - 0.21), - 2.73 (- 5.21, - 0.26), - 3.51 (- 5.96, - 1.07) respectively) and receptive language (beta (95% CI): - 0.58 (- 1.07, - 0.08), - 0.54 (- 1.04, - 0.04), - 0.70 (- 1.20, - 0.21) respectively) at 18 months, as measured by the BSID-III, although these associations were attenuated after adjustment for maternal and child covariates. Increased GI and lower CQI were associated with lower gross motor scores (beta (95% CI): - 0.49 (- 0.84, - 0.15), 0.39 (0.06, 0.71) respectively) at 18 months (BSID-III), as well as reduced motor development (beta (95% CI): - 3.2 (- 5.50, - 0.76), 2.22 (- 0.1, 4.54) respectively) at 8 and 28 months (DP-3).ConclusionsMaternal carbohydrate quality during pregnancy may influence early neurodevelopment, particularly motor outcomes. Emphasizing low-GI, low-GL and high-CQI carbohydrate sources during pregnancy could support favorable developmental trajectories in offspring.
Filiaciones:
Panisello, L:
Rovira I Virgili Univ URV, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Nutr & Metab Hlth Res Grp, Reus 43204, Spain
Inst Hlth Pere Virgili IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
Rovira i Virgili Univ, Ctr Environm Food & Toxicol Technol TecnATox, Reus 43204, Spain
Mateu-Fabregat, J:
Rovira I Virgili Univ URV, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Nutr & Metab Hlth Res Grp, Reus 43204, Spain
Inst Hlth Pere Virgili IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
Rovira i Virgili Univ, Ctr Environm Food & Toxicol Technol TecnATox, Reus 43204, Spain
Novau-Ferré, N:
Rovira I Virgili Univ URV, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Nutr & Metab Hlth Res Grp, Reus 43204, Spain
Inst Hlth Pere Virgili IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
Rovira i Virgili Univ, Ctr Environm Food & Toxicol Technol TecnATox, Reus 43204, Spain
Ayala-Aldana, N:
IISPV, Clin & Epidemiol Neurosci NeuroEpia, Reus, Spain
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Bernardo-Castro, S:
IISPV, Clin & Epidemiol Neurosci NeuroEpia, Reus, Spain
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Ferrer, M:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Jiménez-Arenas, P:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Llurba, E:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIB St Pau, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Barcelona, Spain
Lassale, C:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Physiol Obes & Nutr CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
Gomez-Roig, MD:
Univ Barcelona, Hosp St Joan De Deu, Barcelona Ctr Maternal Fetal & Neonatal Med, BCNatal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Recerca St Joan de Deu, Esplugas de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Inst Salud Carlos III, Primary Care Intervent Prevent Maternal & Child Ch, Madrid, Spain
Vioque, J:
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Univ Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain
Inst Invest Sanitaria & Biomed Alicante ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
González-Palacios, S:
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Univ Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain
Inst Invest Sanitaria & Biomed Alicante ISABIAL, Alicante, Spain
Contreras-Rodríguez, O:
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Psychiat & Forens Med, Bellaterra, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Mental Hlth CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
Foraster, M:
Univ Ramon Llull, Blanquerna Sch Hlth Sci, PHAGEX Res Grp, Barcelona, Spain
Gascon, M:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Fundacio Inst Univ Recerca Atencio Primaria Salut, Unitat Suport Recerca Catalunya Cent, Manresa, Spain
Sunyer, J:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Awad, C:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Júlvez, J:
Inst Hlth Pere Virgili IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
IISPV, Clin & Epidemiol Neurosci NeuroEpia, Reus, Spain
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
Bullo, M:
Rovira I Virgili Univ URV, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, Nutr & Metab Hlth Res Grp, Reus 43204, Spain
Inst Hlth Pere Virgili IISPV, Reus 43204, Spain
Rovira i Virgili Univ, Ctr Environm Food & Toxicol Technol TecnATox, Reus 43204, Spain
Carlos III Hlth Inst, CIBER Physiol Obes & Nutr CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
Green Submitted, Green Published, hybrid
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