Integrating Citizen Science and Field Sampling into Next-Generation Early-Warning Systems for Vector Surveillance: Twenty Years of Municipal Detections of Aedes Invasive Mosquito Species in Spain
Por:
Eritja, R, Sanpera-Calbet, I, Delacour-Estrella, S, Ruiz-Arrondo, I, Puig, MA, Bengoa-Paulis, M, Alarcón-Elbal, PM, Barceló, C, Mariani, S, Martinez-Barciela, Y, Bravo-Barriga, D, Polina, A, Pereira-Martinez, JM, González, MA, Escartin, S, Melero-Alcibar, R, Blanco-Sierra, L, Magallanes, S, Collantes, F, Ferraguti, M, González-Perez, MI, Gutierrez-López, R, Silva-Torres, MI, San Sebastián-Mendoza, O, Calvo-Reyes, MC, Mendoza-Garcia, M, Macias-Magro, D, Cisneros, P, Cevidanes, A, Frontera, E, Mato, I, Fúster-Lorán, F, Domench-Guembe, M, Rodriguez-Regadera, ME, Casanovas-Urgell, R, Montalvo, T, Miranda, MA, Figuerola, J, Lucientes-Curdi, J, Garriga, J, Palmer, JRB, Bartumeus, F
Publicada:
29 ago 2025
Resumen:
The spread of the invasive mosquitoes Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes japonicus in Spain represents an increasing public health risk due to their capacity to transmit arboviruses such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, among others. Traditional field entomological surveillance remains essential for tracking their spread, but it faces limitations in terms of cost, scalability, and labor intensity. Since 2014, the Mosquito Alert citizen-science project has enabled public participation in surveillance through the submission of geolocated images via a mobile app, which are identified using AI in combination with expert validation. While field surveillance provides high accuracy, citizen science offers low-cost, large-scale, real-time data collection aligned with open data management principles. It is particularly useful for detecting long-distance dispersal events and has contributed up to one-third of the municipal detections of invasive mosquito species since 2014. This study assesses the value of integrating both surveillance systems to capitalize on their complementary strengths while compensating for their weaknesses in the areas of taxonomic accuracy, scalability, spatial detection patterns, data curation and validation systems, geographic precision, interoperability, and real-time output. We present the listing of municipal detections of these species from 2004 to 2024, integrating data from both sources. Spain's integrated approach demonstrates a pioneering model for cost-effective, scalable vector surveillance tailored to the dynamics of invasive species and emerging epidemiological threats.
Filiaciones:
Eritja, R:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Sanpera-Calbet, I:
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Polit & Socials, Barcelona 08005, Spain
Delacour-Estrella, S:
Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet, Dept Patol Anim, Inst Agroalimentario Aragon IA2, Zaragoza 50013, Spain
Ruiz-Arrondo, I:
Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet, Dept Patol Anim, Inst Agroalimentario Aragon IA2, Zaragoza 50013, Spain
Hosp Univ San Pedro CIBIR, Ctr Rickettsiosis & Arthropod Borne Dis, Logrono 26006, Spain
Puig, MA:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Bengoa-Paulis, M:
Anticimex Espana, Sant Cugat Del Valles 08174, Spain
Alarcón-Elbal, PM:
Univ Cardenal Herrera CEU, Dept Anim Prod & Hlth, Fac Vet Med, Publ Vet Hlth & Food Sci & Technol, Alfara Del Patriarca 46115, Spain
Barceló, C:
Univ Illes Balears, Grp Zool Aplicada & Conservac, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain
Mariani, S:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Martinez-Barciela, Y:
Univ Vigo, Dept Ecol & Biol Anim, Fac Biol, Vigo 36310, Spain
Bravo-Barriga, D:
Univ Cordoba UCO, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim Parasitol & Enfermedades Parasit, Cordoba 14014, Spain
Polina, A:
Univ Vigo, Dept Ecol & Biol Anim, Fac Biol, Vigo 36310, Spain
Pereira-Martinez, JM:
Univ Santiago De Compostela USC, Dept Zool Genet & Antropol, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain
González, MA:
Grp SASTI, ATHISA Medio Ambiente, Guillena 41210, Spain
CSIC, Dept Biol Conservac & Cambio Global, Estn Biol Donana EBD, Seville 41092, Spain
Escartin, S:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Melero-Alcibar, R:
Serv Madrileno Salud SERMAS, Madrid 28815, Spain
Blanco-Sierra, L:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Magallanes, S:
CSIC, Dept Biol Conservac & Cambio Global, Estn Biol Donana EBD, Seville 41092, Spain
Consorcio Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Madrid 08029, Spain
Collantes, F:
Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Dept Zool & Antropol Fis, Murcia 30100, Spain
Ferraguti, M:
CSIC, Dept Biol Conservac & Cambio Global, Estn Biol Donana EBD, Seville 41092, Spain
Consorcio Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Madrid 08029, Spain
González-Perez, MI:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Gutierrez-López, R:
Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Nacl Microbiol, Majadahonda 28222, Spain
Consorcio Invest Biomed Enfermedades Infecciosas C, Madrid 08029, Spain
Silva-Torres, MI:
Grp SASTI, EZSA Sanidad Ambiental, E-09005 Burgos, Spain
San Sebastián-Mendoza, O:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Calvo-Reyes, MC:
Gobierno Espana, Minist Sanidad, Ctr Coordinac Alertas & Emergencias Sanit CCAES, Direcc Gen Salud Publ & Equidad Salud, Madrid 28014, Spain
Mendoza-Garcia, M:
Gobierno Espana, Minist Sanidad, Subdirecc Gen Sanidad Ambiental & Salud Laboral, Direcc Gen Salud Publ & Equ Salud, Madrid 28014, Spain
Macias-Magro, D:
Consejeria Salud & Consumo Andalucia, Serv Salud Ambiental, Direcc Gen Salud Publ & Ordenac Farmaceut, Seville 41020, Spain
Cisneros, P:
Gobierno Aragon, Secc Zoonosis, Direcc Gen Salud Publ, Zaragoza 50072, Spain
Cevidanes, A:
Basque Res & Technol Alliance BRTA, NEIKER Inst Vasco Invest & Desarrollo Agr, Dept Sanidad Anim, Derio 48160, Spain
Frontera, E:
Univ Extremadura, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim Parasitol, Caceres 10003, Spain
Mato, I:
Xunta Galicia, Direcc Gen Salud Publ, Conselleria Sanidad, Santiago De Compostela 15707, Spain
Fúster-Lorán, F:
Consejeria Sanidad, Area Vigilancia Riesgos Ambientales Salud, Madrid, Spain
Domench-Guembe, M:
Inst Salud Publ & Laboral Navarra ISPLN, Pamplona 31003, Spain
Rodriguez-Regadera, ME:
Consejeria Salud & Polit Sociales, Serv Salud Ambiental & Nutr, Direcc Gen Salud Publ Consumo & Cuidados, Logrono 26071, Spain
Casanovas-Urgell, R:
Generalitat Catalunya, Subdireccio Gen Biodiversitat & Med Nat, Direccio Gen Polit Ambientals & Med Nat, Serv Fauna & Flora,Dept Terr Habitatge & Transicio, Barcelona 08038, Spain
Montalvo, T:
Consorcio Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Madrid 08029, Spain
Agencia Salut Publ Barcelona, Serv Vigilancia & Control Plagues Urbanes, Barcelona 08012, Spain
Miranda, MA:
Univ Illes Balears, Grp Zool Aplicada & Conservac, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain
Univ Illes Balears, Inst Estudios Ambientales & Econ Agua, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain
Figuerola, J:
CSIC, Dept Biol Conservac & Cambio Global, Estn Biol Donana EBD, Seville 41092, Spain
Consorcio Invest Biomed Red Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Madrid 08029, Spain
Lucientes-Curdi, J:
Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet, Dept Patol Anim, Inst Agroalimentario Aragon IA2, Zaragoza 50013, Spain
Garriga, J:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Palmer, JRB:
Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Polit & Socials, Barcelona 08005, Spain
Bartumeus, F:
Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudis Avancats Blanes, Blanes, Spain
Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Spain
Ctr Recerca Ecol & Aplicac Forestals CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain
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