Improving the Compliance of Massive Hemorrhage Protocols Through Education Is Associated with Patient Survival
Por:
Paniagua-Iglesias, P, Rincón-Ferrari, MD, Candela-Toha, A, Marcos-Jubilar, M, Barquero-Lopez, M, Gich-Saladich, I, Medina-Marrero, L, Bosch-Llobet, A, Garrido-Fleischmann, D, Ordoñez-Llanos, J, Urrutia-Cuchí, G
Publicada:
30 jun 2025
Resumen:
Background: In 2015, Spanish scientific societies published a consensus document on managing massive hemorrhage (MH). This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and application of the Massive Hemorrhage Protocol (MHP) among healthcare professionals and to assess whether an educational intervention could improve compliance and patient outcomes. Methods: A two-phase observational study was conducted in four Spanish university hospitals. In phase one, compliance with MHP recommendations was surveyed. Based on the findings, educational sessions were implemented, focusing on the least known or followed recommendations. Compliance was then reassessed. Primary outcome was adherence to MHP; secondary outcomes included morbidity and 24 h and in-hospital mortality. Results: The MHP was activated in 303 MH episodes, mostly of surgical (42.6%) or traumatic (25%) origin. The most followed recommendation before the intervention was protocol activation (94%), which improved to 98.3% post-intervention (p = 0.049). Lesser-followed recommendations such as requesting a hemorrhage lab panel and correcting hypothermia improved after intervention from 39% to 50.4% (p = 0.05) and 31.3% to 43.8% (p = 0.027), respectively. Overall compliance increased from 68% to 73% (p = 0.05). Mortality remained high in both phases, 24 h (25.4%) and in-hospital (42.2%). Patients who required massive transfusion had higher mortality (53.6%) than those who did not (35.9%, p = 0.03). Survivors had higher protocol compliance (p = 0.003 at 24 h; p = 0.049 in-hospital). Conclusions: Educational intervention modestly improved adherence to MHP recommendations. Higher compliance was associated with better survival outcomes, supporting the need for targeted educational strategies to enhance protocol implementation and improve care in MH cases.
Filiaciones:
Paniagua-Iglesias, P:
Univ Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau, Anaesthesiol Dept, Barcelona 08041, Spain
Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIB St Pau, Barcelona 08041, Spain
Rincón-Ferrari, MD:
Univ Hosp Virgen del Rocio, Intens Care Units Dept, Seville 41013, Spain
Candela-Toha, A:
Hosp Ramon & Cajal, Anaesthesiol Dept, Madrid 28034, Spain
IRy CIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
Marcos-Jubilar, M:
Univ Clin Navarra, Haematol Dept, Pamplona 31008, Spain
Barquero-Lopez, M:
Univ Hosp Germans Trias i Pujol, Anaesthesiol Dept, Barcelona 08916, Spain
Gich-Saladich, I:
Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIB St Pau, Barcelona 08041, Spain
Univ Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Barcelona 08041, Spain
CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain
Medina-Marrero, L:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Blood & Tissue Bank, Barcelona 08041, Spain
Bosch-Llobet, A:
Blood & Tissue Bank Catalonia, Barcelona 08005, Spain
Garrido-Fleischmann, D:
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Ordoñez-Llanos, J:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Dept Biochem, Barcelona 08025, Spain
Fdn Clin Biochem & Mol Pathol, Barcelona 08007, Spain
Urrutia-Cuchí, G:
Univ Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Barcelona 08041, Spain
CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid 28029, Spain
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