Spin Bias in randomized controlled trials of botulinum toxin for bruxism management: a meta-epidemiologic study


Por: Canto, GD, Pauletto, P, Stefani, CM, Gonçalves, TMSV, Carvas, C Jr, Flores-Mir, C, Pinto, ACPN, Trevisani, VFM

Publicada: 8 may 2025
Resumen:
ObjectiveTo perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of spin bias in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) focusing on botulinum toxin (BTX-A) for managing bruxism.Study design and protocolThis is a meta-epidemiologic study. The protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework.Study selectionWe included RCTs that evaluated the effectiveness of BTX-A for managing bruxism, associated or not with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. The outcomes were changes in pain and bruxism events. Spin bias was investigated in abstract and main text. The frequency of spin bias was assessed, and a qualitative analysis was conducted. The study was classified as effective if the outcome analyzed was statistically significant (p-value 0.05) and reached the minimum important difference of 20% and ineffective if the reported outcome was statistically nonsignificant or the study did not report the p-value or the results did not reach the minimum important difference of 20%.ResultsAn overall frequency of 59.4% spin bias was identified in eight included RCTs. The conclusion in the main text (87.5%) was the section with the highest frequency of spin bias. In the qualitative analysis, the most common strategies identified were inadequate extrapolation to a large population (30.61%), inadequate implication for clinical practice (20.41%), and misleading reporting (12.25%).ConclusionThere is a high frequency of spin bias in RCTs that evaluated BTX-A for bruxism management. Close to 90% of the selected RCTs presented spin bias in the main text's conclusion. The most common spin was the inadequate extrapolation of the results.Clinical SignificanceApplying BTX into the temporalis did not reduce muscle activity and the results for masseter injections remain controversial. It seems that BTX-A injections can reduce pain from two weeks to one year. It is not possible to have certainty about the efficacy and safety of using BTX-A to reduce pain and bruxism events.

Filiaciones:
Canto, GD:
 Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Brazilian Ctr Evidence Based Res, Florianopolis, Brazil

 Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Dent, Florianopolis, Brazil

 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Emergency Med & Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Pauletto, P:
 Univ Amer, Sch Dent, Quito 170517, Ecuador

Stefani, CM:
 Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Brazilian Ctr Evidence Based Res, Florianopolis, Brazil

 Univ Brasilia, Dept Dent, Brasilia, Brazil

Gonçalves, TMSV:
 Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Dent, Florianopolis, Brazil

Carvas, C Jr:
 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Flores-Mir, C:
 Univ Alberta, Fac Med & Dent, Mike Petryk Sch Dent, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Pinto, ACPN:
 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Emergency Med & Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

 Biomed Res Inst Sant Pau IIB Sant Pau, Iberoamer Cochrane Ctr, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Fed Amapa, Biol & Hlth Sci Dept, Macapa, Brazil

Trevisani, VFM:
 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Emergency Med & Evidence Based Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

 Univ Santo Amaro, Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
ISSN: 14712288





BMC Medical Research Methodology
Editorial
BMC, CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 25 Número: 1
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001484961400001
ID de PubMed: 40340732
imagen Green Submitted, gold

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