Guillain-Barre syndrome
Por:
Leonhard, SE, Papri, N, Querol, L, Rinaldi, S, Shahrizaila, N, Jacobs, BC
Publicada:
19 dic 2024
Resumen:
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy. Patients typically develop rapidly progressive weakness and sensory deficits that can result in complete paralysis requiring mechanical ventilation. GBS is usually a monophasic disease in which an aberrant immune response to an infection or other trigger damages the peripheral nerves. For example, in patients with preceding Campylobacter jejuni infection, molecular mimicry causes a cross-reactive antibody response to nerve gangliosides. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, supported by cerebrospinal fluid analysis and nerve conduction studies. Effective treatments include plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulins. However, similar to 20% of patients who received treatment are unable to walk after 6 months and similar to 5% die as a consequence of GBS. Important knowledge gaps in GBS include its pathogenesis, especially after viral infections. In addition, there is a lack of specific biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, monitor the disease activity, and predict the clinical course and outcome of GBS. Major challenges for the future include finding more effective and personalized treatments, which are affordable in low-income and middle-income countries, and preparation for outbreaks of infections as potential triggers for GBS.
Filiaciones:
Leonhard, SE:
Erasmus MC, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Papri, N:
Icddr B, Infect Dis Div IDD, Lab Gut Brain Axis, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Querol, L:
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp Santa Creu & Santa Pau, Dept Neurol, Neuromuscular Unit, Barcelona, Spain
Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Raras, Ciberer, Madrid, Spain
Rinaldi, S:
Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, Oxford, England
Oxford Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, John Radcliffe Hosp, Dept Neurol, Oxford, England
Shahrizaila, N:
Univ Malaya, Dept Med, Neurol Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Jacobs, BC:
Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Erasmus MC, Dept Immunol, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Erasmus MC, Ctr Expertise Neuromuscular Dis, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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