GWAS and meta-analysis identifies 49 genetic variants underlying critical COVID-19
Por:
Pairo-Castineira E., Rawlik K., Bretherick A.D., Qi T., Wu Y., Nassiri I., McConkey G.A., Zechner M., Klaric L., Griffiths F., Oosthuyzen W., Kousathanas A., Richmond A., Russell C.D., Malinauskas T., Thwaites R., Morrice K., Keating S., Maslove D., Nichol A., Semple M.G., Knight J., Hinds C., Horby P., Ling L., McAuley D., Montgomery H., Openshaw P.J.M., Begg C., Walsh T., Tenesa A., Flores C., Riancho J.A., Rojas-Martinez A., Lapunzina P., Clohisey S., Millar J., Shankar-Hari M., Aitkin E., Aravindan L., Armstrong R., Baillie J.K., Biggs H., Boz C., Brown A., Chikowore P., Coutts A., Coyle J., Cullum L., Das S., Day N., Donnelly L., Duncan E., Finernan P., Fourman M.H., Furlong A., Furniss J., Gallagher B., Gilchrist T., Golightly A., Hafezi K., Hamilton D., Hendry R., Kearns N., Law D., Law R., Law S., Lidstone-Scott R., Lauder C., Macgillivray L., Maclean A., Mal H., McCafferty S., McMaster E., Meikle J., Moore S.C., Murphy S., Mybaya H., Odam M., Zheng C., Chen J., Parkinson N., Paterson T., Tucker P., Schon K., Stenhouse A., Das M., Swets M., Szoor-McElhinney H., Taneski F., Turtle L.C.W., Wackett T., Ward M., Weaver J., Wrobel N., Pan J., Grau N., Jones T.O., Lim R., Marotti M., Whitton C., Bociek A., Campos S., Arbane G., Ostermann M., Cha M., DAmato F., Kosifidou E., Lorah S., Morera K., Brady L., Hugill K., Henning J., Bonner S., Headlam E., Jones J., List A., Morley J., Welford A., Kamangu B., Ratnakumar A., Shoremekun A., Alldis Z., Astin-Chamberlain R., Bibi F., Biddle J., Blow S., Bolton M., Borra C., Bowles R., Burton M., Choudhury Y., Cox A., Easthope A., Ebano P., Fotiadis S., Gurasashvili J., Halls R., Hartridge P., Kallon D., Kassam J., Lancoma-Malcolm I., Matharu M., May P., Mitchelmore O., Newman T., Patel M., Pheby J., Pinzuti I., Prime Z., Prysyazhna O., Shiel J., Taylor M., Tierney C., Zongo O., Wood S., Zak A., Collier D., Mundy M., Thompson C., Pritchard L., Gellamucho M., Cartlidge D., Bandla N., Bailey L., Davies M., Delaney J., Scott L., Abdelrazik M., Alasdair F., Carter D., Elhassan M., Ganesan A., Lamond Z., Purohit D., Rohit K., Saleem M., Wall A., Xavier K., Bakthavatsalam D., Gehad K., Gnanapragasam P., Jain K., Jain S., Malik A., Pappachan N., Moreno-Cuesta J., Haldeos A., Vincent R., Oziegb M., Cavazza A., Cockrell M., Corcoran E., Depante M., Finney C., Jerome E., Knighton A., Nayak M., Pappa E., Saha R., Saha S., Dodd A., O’Reilly K., McPhail M., Clarey E., Noble H., Smith J., Coghlan P., Brett S., Gordon A., Templeton M., Antcliffe D., Banach D., Darnell S., Fernandez Z., Jepson E., Mohammed A., Rojo R., Arias S.S., Gurung A.T., Fernandez-Roman J., Hamilton D.O., Johnson E., Johnston B., Martinez M.L., Mulla S., Waite A.A.C., Williams K., Waugh V., Welters I., Emblem J., Norris M., Shaw D., Bashyal A., Beer S., Hutton P., McKechnie S., Davidson N., Mathew S., Readion G., Ryu J., Wilson J., Agrawal S., Elston K., Jones M., Meaney E., Polgarova P., Elbehery M., Summers C., Daubney E., Ng A., Marshall J., Pathan N., Stroud K., White D., Andrew A., Ashraf S., Clark A., Dent M., Langley M., Peters C., Ryan L., Sampson J., Wei S., Baddeley A., Meredith M., Morris L., Gibbons A., McLoughlin L., Delgado C.C., Clark V., Dawson D., Ding L., Durrant G., Ezeobu O., Harrison A., Hurt W.J., Kanu R., Kinch A., Leaver S., Lisboa A., Mathew J., Patel K., Saluzzio R.P., Rawlins J., Samakomva T., Shah N., Sicat C., Texeira J., De Queiroz J.G., Da Gloria E.F., Maccacari E., Yun N., Manna S., Farnell-Ward S., Maizcordoba M., Thanasi M., Ali H.H., Hastings J., Grauslyte L., Hussain M., Ruge B., King S., Pogreban T., Rosaroso L., Smith H., Phull M.-K., Adams N., Franke G., George A., Salciute E., Wong J., Dunne K., Flower L., Sharland E., Sra S., Andrew G., Callaghan M., Barclay L., Marshall L., Baillie K., Amamio M., Birch S., Briton K., Clark S., Doverman K., Hope D., Mcculloch C., Simpson S., Singleton J., Fernandez R., Allen M., Baptista D., Crowe R., Fox J., Khera J., Loveridge A., McKenley I., Morino E., Naranjo A., O’Connor D., Simms R., Sollesta K., Swain A., Venkatesh H., Herdman-Grant R., Joseph A., Nown A., Rose S., Pogson D., Boxall H., Brimfield L., Claridge H., Daly Z., George S., Gribbin A., Cheema Y., Cutler S., Richards O., Roynon-Reed A., Cherian S., Heron A.E., Williams G., Szakmany T., Waters A., Collins K., Dunhill J., Jones F., Morris R., Ship L., Cardwell A., Ali S., Bhatterjee R., Bolton R., Chukkambotla S., Coleman D., Dalziel J., Dykes J., Fine C., Gay B., Goddard W., Goodchild D., Harling R., Hijazi M., Keith S., Khan M., Matt R., Ryan-Smith J., Saad S., Springle P., Thomas J., Truman N., Kazi A., Smith M., Collier H., Davison C., Duberley S., Hargreaves J., Hartley J., Patel T., Smith E., Kent A., Goodwin E., Zaki A., Tibke C., Hopkins S., Gerrard H., Jackson M., Bennett S., Marsh L., Mills R., Bell J., Campbell H., Dawson A., Dodds S., Duffy S., Gallagher L., McCafferty G., Short S., Smith T., Thomas K., Walker C., Reynolds J., Yates B., McKie H., Panteli M., Thompson M., Waddell G., De Beger S., Abraheem A., Dunmore C., Girach R., Jones R., London E., Nagra I., Nasir F., Sainsbury H., Smedley C., Brearey S., Burchett C., Cawley K., Faulkner M., Jeffrey H., Bamford P., Shaikh F., Slack L., Davies A., Brooke H., Suarez J.C., Charlesworth R., Hansson K., Norris J., Poole A., Sandhu R., Smithson E., Thirumaran M., Wagstaff V., Buckley S., Sloan B., Rose A., Major A., Metcalfe A., Almaden-Boyle C., Austin P., Chapman S., Eros A., Cabrelli L., Cole S., Whyte C., Casey M., Bafitis V., Tsinaslanidis G., George C., Khade R., Black C., Ashok S.R., Farley S., Brinkworth E., Harford R., Murphy C., Williams M., Newey L., Toghill H., Lewis S., Rees T., Battle C., Baker M., Travers J., Chesters K., Baxter N., Arnott A., McCreath G., McParland C., Rooney L., Sim M., Henderson S., Abel L., Dalton C., Kennedy-Hay S., O’Donohoe L., O’Hare M., Orlikowska I., Parker N., McNeela F., Lyle A., Hughes A., Radhakrishnan J., Gibson S., Bancroft H., Bellamy M., Daglish J., Kadiri S., Moore F., Rhodes J., Sangombe M., Peterkin Z., Scriven J., Carmody M., Cottle J., Peasgood E., de Gordoa L.O.-R., Phillips C., Skinner D., Cinquina Z., Howard K., Joy R., Roche S., Birkinshaw I., Carter J., Ingham J., Marshall N., Pearson H., Scott Z., Dasgin J., Gill J., Nilsson A., Hull D., Ahmadhaider N., Bates M., McGhee C., Ellis H., Howe G.S., Singh J., Stroud N., Roche L., Lynch C., Deacon B., Pothecary C., Smeaton J., Agravante K., Krishnamurthy V., Diaba C., John L., Lim L., Jha R., Egan J., Felton T., Glasgow S., Padden G., Choudhr O., Bradley-Potts J., Moss S., Lingeswaran S., Alexander P., Brandwood C., Fiouni S., Ward L., Allen S., Shaw J., Smith C., Adanini O., Collins R., Msiska M., Ofori L., Bhatia N., Dolan H., Brunton M., Caterson J., Coles H., Keating L., Tilney E., Jacques N., Frise M., Armistead J., Bartley S., Bhuie P., Rai S., Tomkova G., Greer S., Shuker K., Tridente A., Dobson E., Hunt J., Tully R., Dearden J., Drummond A., Kamath P., Bullock E., Mulcahy M., Munt S., O’Connor G., Philbin J., Rishton C., Scott C., Winnard S., Hasni N., Gascoyne R., Hawes J., Pritchard K., Stevenson L., Whileman A., Beavis S., Bishop L., Cart C., Dale K., Kelly-Baxter M., Mendelski A., Moakes E., Smith R., Woodward J., Wright S., Allan A., Botello A., Liew J., Medhora J., Trumper E., Savage F., Scott T., Place M., Kaye C., Benyon S., Marriott S., Park L., Quinn H., Skyes D., Zitter L., Baines K., Gordon E., Keenan S., Pitt A., Duffy K., Ireland J., Semple G., Turner L., Cathcart S., Rimmer D., Puxty A., Puxty K., Hurst A., Miller J., Speirs S., Bradshaw Z., Brown J., Melling S., Preston S., Slawson N., Warden S., Beasley A., Stoddard E., Benham L., Cupitt J., Caswell M., Elawamy L., Wignall A., Roberts B., Golding H., Leggett S., Male M., Marani M., Prager K., Williams T., Golder K., Jones O., Cusack R., Bolger C., Burnish R., Carter M., Jackson S., Salmon K., Biss J., Aquino M., Croft M., Frost V., White I., Govender K., Webb N., Stapleton L., Wells C., Nikitas N., Sanchez-Rodriguez A., Spencer K., Stowe B., Izzard Y., Poole M., Monnery S., Trotman S., Beech V., Combes E., Joefield T., Covernton P., Savage S., Woodward E., Camsooksai J., Reschreiter H., Barclay C., DeAth Y., Dube J., Humphrey C., Jenkins S., Langridge E., Milne R., Wadams B., Woolcock M., Brett M., Digby B., Gemmell L., Hornsby J., MacGoey P., O’Neil P., Price R., Sundaram R., Rodden N., Thomson N., Rooney K., Currie S., Walker L., Henderson P., Ogg B., Whiteley S., Wilby L., Long K., Matthew S., Salada S., Trott S., Watts S., Friar Z., Speight A., Bastion V., Chandna H., Djeugam B., Haseeb M., Kent H., Lubimbi G., Murdoch S., Thomas A., David B., Lorusso R., Vochin A., Penacerrada M., Wulandari R., Heath C., Jakkula S., Morris A., Ahmed A., Nune A., Buttriss C., Whitaker E., Davey M., Golden D., Acklery A., Fernandes F., Seaman B., Earl V., Collins A., Khaliq W., Adam R., Treus E., Holland S., Alfonso J., Blackledge B., Bruce M., Durrans L.J., Eltayeb A., Hey S., Hruska M., Lamb T., Rothwell J., Fitzgerald A., Lindergard G., T-Michael H., Duncan T., Baxter-Dore S., Fox C., Guerin J., Hodgkiss T., Connolly K., McAlinden P., Bridgett V., Fearby M., Gulati A., Hanson H., Kelly S., McCormack L., Nixon R., Robinson P., Slater V., Stephenson E., Webster A., Webster K., Hays C., Hudson A., Patel B., Clement I., Davis J., Francis S., Jerry D., Abernathy C., Foster L., Gratrix A., Cabral-Ortega L., Hines M., Martinson V., Stones E., Winter K., Barrow E., Wylie K., Baines D., Birchall K., Kolakaluri L., Clark R., Sukumaran A., Barker M., Paripoorani D., Taylor C., Downes C., Hayman M., Riches K., Daniel P., Subramanian D., Holding K., Hilton M., McDonald C., Richardson G., Halladay G., Harding P., Reddy A., Turner-Bone I., Wilding L., Parker R., Lloyd M., Smith L., Kelly C., Lazo M., Neal A., Walton O., Melville J., Naisbitt J., Joseph R., Callam S., Hudig L., Keshet-Price J., Stammers K., Convery K., Randell G., Fottrell-Gould D., Mwaura E., Sutherland S.-B., Stewart R., Mew L., Wren L., Thrasyvoulou L., Willis H., Hopkins B., Lenton D., Roberts A., Bokhari M., Lucas R., McCormick W., Ritzema J., Linnett V., Sanderson A., Wild H., Flanagan R., Hull R., Rhead K., McKenna E., Hughes G., Anderson J., Jones K., Latham S., Riley H., Coulding M., Clark M., McCormick J., Mercer O., Potla D., Rehman H., Savill H., Turner V., Jude E., Kilroy S., Apetri E., Basikolo C., Catlow L., Collis M., Doonan R., Harris J., Harvey A., Knowles K., Lee S., Lomas D., Lyons C., McMorrow L., Michael A., Pendlebury J., Perez J., Poulaka M., Proudfoot N., Slevin K., Thomas V., Walker D., Dark P., Charles B., McLaughlan D., Slaughter M., Horner D., Marsden T., Andrews J., Beech E., Akinkugbe O., Bamford A., Belfield H., Jones G.A.L., McHugh T., Meghari H., Ray S., Tomas A.L., O’Neill L., Peters M., Bell M., Benkenstein S., Chisholm C., Davies C., Kupiec K., Payne C., Halls J., Blakemore H., Goff E., Hayes K., Smith K., Stephens D., Worner R., Borislavova B., Faulkner B., Thomas M., Cookson R., Gendall E., Larman G., Pope R., Smalira A., Priestley V., Cosier T., Millen G., Rand J., Schumacher N., Sandhar R., Weston H., Richardson N., Cooper L., Jones C., Huang Y.-W.J., Jacob R., Denmade C., McIntyre L., Trodd D., Martin J., Watson G., Bevan E., Wreybrown C., Bano S., Bellwood R., Bentley M., Bromley M., Gurr L., Ledgard C., McGowan J., Pye K., Sellick K., Stacey A., Warren D., Wilkinson B., Akeroyd L., Shafique H., Morgan J., Shorter S., Swinger R., Waters E., Lawton T., Allan E., Darlington K., Davies F., Davies L., Easton J., Kumar S., Lean R., Mackay C., Pugh R., Qiu X., Rees S., Scanlon J., Lewis J., Menzies D., Bolger A., Davies G., Davies J., Garrod E., Jones H., Manley R., Williams H., Frankham J., Pitts S., White N., Branney D., Tiller H., Efford G., Garland Z., Grimmer L., Gumbrill B., Johnson R., Sweet K., Bewley J., Coleman C., Corcoran K., Morano E.M.H., Shiel R., Webster D., Bonnici J., Daniel E., Dell A., Kent M., Wilkinson A., Brown E., Kay A., Campbell S., Cowton A., Birt M., Greenaway V., Potts K., Hutton C., Shepperson A., Forsey M., Nicholson A., Vertue M., Riches J., Kaliappan A., MacCallum N., Raith E., Bercades G., Hass I., Brealey D., Martir G., Reyes A., Smyth D., Zapatamartinez M., Alvaro A., Jetha C., Ma L., Booker L., Mostoles L., Pratley A., Altabaibeh A.
Publicada:
1 ene 2023
Ahead of Print:
1 may 2023
Resumen:
Critical illness in COVID-19 is an extreme and clinically homogeneous disease phenotype that we have previously shown(1) to be highly efficient for discovery of genetic associations(2). Despite the advanced stage of illness at presentation, we have shown that host genetics in patients who are critically ill with COVID-19 can identify immunomodulatory therapies with strong beneficial effects in this group(3). Here we analyse 24,202 cases of COVID-19 with critical illness comprising a combination of microarray genotype and whole-genome sequencing data from cases of critical illness in the international GenOMICC (11,440 cases) study, combined with other studies recruiting hospitalized patients with a strong focus on severe and critical disease: ISARIC4C (676 cases) and the SCOURGE consortium (5,934 cases). To put these results in the context of existing work, we conduct a meta-analysis of the new GenOMICC genome-wide association study (GWAS) results with previously published data. We find 49 genome-wide significant associations, of which 16 have not been reported previously. To investigate the therapeutic implications of these findings, we infer the structural consequences of protein-coding variants, and combine our GWAS results with gene expression data using a monocyte transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) model, as well as gene and protein expression using Mendelian randomization. We identify potentially druggable targets in multiple systems, including inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte-macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A). An analysis of 24,202 critical cases of COVID-19 identifies potentially druggable targets in inflammatory signalling (JAK1), monocyte-macrophage activation and endothelial permeability (PDE4A), immunometabolism (SLC2A5 and AK5), and host factors required for viral entry and replication (TMPRSS2 and RAB2A).
Filiaciones:
Pairo-Castineira E.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Rawlik K.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Bretherick A.D.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Pain Service, NHS Tayside, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Qi T.:
School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
Wu Y.:
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
Nassiri I.:
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
McConkey G.A.:
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
Zechner M.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Klaric L.:
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Griffiths F.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Oosthuyzen W.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Kousathanas A.:
Genomics England, London, United Kingdom
Richmond A.:
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Russell C.D.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Malinauskas T.:
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Thwaites R.:
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Morrice K.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Keating S.:
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Maslove D.:
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen’s University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
Nichol A.:
Clinical Research Centre at St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
University College Dublin, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Semple M.G.:
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Respiratory Medicine, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Institute in The Park, University of Liverpool, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Knight J.:
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Hinds C.:
William Harvey Research Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
Horby P.:
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Ling L.:
Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
McAuley D.:
Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
Montgomery H.:
UCL Centre for Human Health and Performance, London, United Kingdom
Openshaw P.J.M.:
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Begg C.:
Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
Walsh T.:
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Tenesa A.:
MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Flores C.:
Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Riancho J.A.:
IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
Hospital U M Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
Rojas-Martinez A.:
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud and Hospital San Jose TecSalud, Monterrey, Mexico
Lapunzina P.:
Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain
ERN-ITHACA-European Reference Network, Paris, France
Clohisey S.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Millar J.:
Baillie Gifford Pandemic Science Hub, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Shankar-Hari M.:
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Aitkin E.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Aravindan L.:
NIHR Clinical Research Network (CRN), North West London Core Team, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Armstrong R.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Baillie J.K.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Biggs H.:
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Boz C.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Brown A.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Chikowore P.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Coutts A.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Coyle J.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Cullum L.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Das S.:
NIHR Clinical Research Network (CRN), North West London Core Team, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Day N.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Donnelly L.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Duncan E.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Finernan P.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Fourman M.H.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Furlong A.:
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Furniss J.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Gallagher B.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Gilchrist T.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Golightly A.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Hafezi K.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Hamilton D.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Hendry R.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Kearns N.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Law D.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Law R.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Law S.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Lidstone-Scott R.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Lauder C.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Macgillivray L.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Maclean A.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Mal H.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
McCafferty S.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
McMaster E.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Meikle J.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Moore S.C.:
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Murphy S.:
NIHR Clinical Research Network (CRN), North West London Core Team, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Mybaya H.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Odam M.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
St John’s Hospital Livingston, Livingston, United Kingdom
Zheng C.:
Biostatistics Group, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Chen J.:
Biostatistics Group, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Parkinson N.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Paterson T.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Tucker P.:
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Schon K.:
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Stenhouse A.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Das M.:
NIHR Clinical Research Network (CRN), North West London Core Team, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Swets M.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Szoor-McElhinney H.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Taneski F.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Turtle L.C.W.:
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Wackett T.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Ward M.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Weaver J.:
Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Wrobel N.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Pan J.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Grau N.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Jones T.O.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Lim R.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Marotti M.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Whitton C.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Bociek A.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Campos S.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Arbane G.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Ostermann M.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Cha M.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
DAmato F.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Kosifidou E.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Lorah S.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Morera K.:
Guys and St Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Brady L.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Hugill K.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Henning J.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Bonner S.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Headlam E.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Jones J.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
List A.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Morley J.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Welford A.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Kamangu B.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Ratnakumar A.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Shoremekun A.:
James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Alldis Z.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Astin-Chamberlain R.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Bibi F.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Biddle J.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Blow S.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Bolton M.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Borra C.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Bowles R.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Burton M.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Choudhury Y.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Cox A.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Easthope A.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
The Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, United Kingdom
Homerton University Hospital Foundation NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Ebano P.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Fotiadis S.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Gurasashvili J.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Halls R.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Hartridge P.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Kallon D.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Kassam J.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Lancoma-Malcolm I.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Matharu M.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
May P.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Mitchelmore O.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Newman T.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Patel M.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Pheby J.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Pinzuti I.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Prime Z.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Prysyazhna O.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Shiel J.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Taylor M.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Tierney C.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Zongo O.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Wood S.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Zak A.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Collier D.:
Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Mundy M.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Thompson C.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Pritchard L.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Gellamucho M.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Cartlidge D.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Bandla N.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Bailey L.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Davies M.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Delaney J.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Scott L.:
Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
Abdelrazik M.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Alasdair F.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Carter D.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Elhassan M.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Ganesan A.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Lamond Z.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Purohit D.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Rohit K.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Saleem M.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Wall A.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Xavier K.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Bakthavatsalam D.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Gehad K.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Gnanapragasam P.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Jain K.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Jain S.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Malik A.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Pappachan N.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Moreno-Cuesta J.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Haldeos A.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Vincent R.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Oziegb M.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Cavazza A.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Cockrell M.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Corcoran E.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Depante M.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Finney C.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Jerome E.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Knighton A.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Nayak M.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Pappa E.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Saha R.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Saha S.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Dodd A.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
O’Reilly K.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
McPhail M.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Clarey E.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Noble H.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Smith J.:
King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Coghlan P.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Brett S.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Gordon A.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Templeton M.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Antcliffe D.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Banach D.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Darnell S.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Fernandez Z.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Jepson E.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Mohammed A.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Rojo R.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Arias S.S.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Gurung A.T.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Fernandez-Roman J.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Hamilton D.O.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Johnson E.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Johnston B.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Martinez M.L.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Mulla S.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Waite A.A.C.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Williams K.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Waugh V.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Welters I.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Emblem J.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Norris M.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Shaw D.:
The Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Bashyal A.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Beer S.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Hutton P.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
McKechnie S.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Davidson N.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Mathew S.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Readion G.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Ryu J.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Wilson J.:
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
Agrawal S.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Elston K.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Jones M.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Meaney E.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Polgarova P.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Elbehery M.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Summers C.:
Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Daubney E.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Ng A.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Marshall J.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Pathan N.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Stroud K.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
White D.:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Andrew A.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Ashraf S.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Clark A.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Dent M.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Langley M.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Peters C.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Ryan L.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Sampson J.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Wei S.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Baddeley A.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Meredith M.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Morris L.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Gibbons A.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
McLoughlin L.:
Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Delgado C.C.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Clark V.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Dawson D.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Ding L.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Durrant G.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Ezeobu O.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Harrison A.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Hurt W.J.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Kanu R.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Kinch A.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Leaver S.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Lisboa A.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Mathew J.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Patel K.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Saluzzio R.P.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Rawlins J.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Samakomva T.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Shah N.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Sicat C.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Texeira J.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
De Queiroz J.G.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Da Gloria E.F.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Maccacari E.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Yun N.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Manna S.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Farnell-Ward S.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Maizcordoba M.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Thanasi M.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Ali H.H.:
St George’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Hastings J.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Grauslyte L.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Hussain M.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Ruge B.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
King S.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Pogreban T.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Rosaroso L.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Smith H.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Phull M.-K.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Adams N.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Franke G.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
George A.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Salciute E.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Wong J.:
Charing Cross Hospital, St Mary’s Hospital and Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Dunne K.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Flower L.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Sharland E.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Sra S.:
BHRUT (Barking Havering)—Queens Hospital and King George Hospital, Ilford, United Kingdom
Andrew G.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Callaghan M.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Barclay L.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Marshall L.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Baillie K.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Amamio M.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Birch S.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Briton K.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Clark S.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Doverman K.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Hope D.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Mcculloch C.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Simpson S.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Singleton J.:
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Fernandez R.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Allen M.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Baptista D.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Crowe R.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Fox J.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Khera J.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Loveridge A.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
McKenley I.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Morino E.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Naranjo A.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
O’Connor D.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Simms R.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Sollesta K.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Swain A.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Venkatesh H.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Frimley Park Hospital, Camberley, United Kingdom
Herdman-Grant R.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Joseph A.:
Kingston Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Nown A.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Rose S.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Pogson D.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Boxall H.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Brimfield L.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Claridge H.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Daly Z.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
George S.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Gribbin A.:
Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Cheema Y.:
Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom
Cutler S.:
Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom
Richards O.:
Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom
Roynon-Reed A.:
Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom
Cherian S.:
Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom
Heron A.E.:
Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom
Jenkins S.:
North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Clark R.:
Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Green Published, Green Submitted, hybrid, All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
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