The Influence of the Exposome in the Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, a Multicenter Case-Control Study


Por: Navarro-Bielsa, A, Gracia-Cazaña, T, Almagro, M, de la Fuente-meira, S, Flórez, A, Yélamos, O, Montero-Vilchez, T, González-Cruz, C, Diago, A, Abadías-Granado, I, Fuentelsaz, V, Colmenero, M, Bañuls, J, Arias-Santiago, S, Buendía-Eisman, A, Almenara-Blasco, M, Gil-Pallares, P, Gilaberte, Y

Publicada: 1 nov 2023
Resumen:
Introduction: The concept of exposome refers to the total of harmful and beneficial environmental exposures that can help predict the organism's biological responses over time. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sun exposure has been recognized as the main etiological agent of skin cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one most commonly associated with chronic exposure. However, in recent years, evidence suggests that lifestyle, environmental pollution, and contaminants in water and food can have an influence. Objectives: To study the relationship between SCC and sun exposure, pollution, stress, and lifestyle in a Spanish cohort. Materials and Method: A multicenter case-control study was carried out in which 13 dermatologists from different regions of Spain recruited cases and controls between April 2020 and August 2022. The group of cases were patients diagnosed with SCC and, as a control group, people who attended Dermatology consultations as companions with no history of skin cancer. Results: A total of 62 patients with SCC and 126 controls were included (62.9% males, median age 76.46 (10.1) and 33.3%, median age 55.7 (15), respectively). The SCC group had experienced more outside work than the controls (75% vs. 22.4%, p < 0.001), less recreational exposure (sunbathing, p = 0.05, and outdoor sports, p = 0.01), and a lower annual income (p = 0.01), with an increase in tobacco exposure (p < 0.001), without differences in other carcinogens, such as ionizing radiation or chemical exposure. The control group had a higher daily screentime use (p < 0.001) and practiced more relaxation activities (p = 0.03). A higher linolenic acid intake and lower coffee consumption were the only dietary variables associated with SCC (p < 0.05). Some chronic medications (anxiolytics, antidepressants, beta-blockers, statins, hydrochlorothiazide, ACE inhibitors, metformin, and omeprazole) were also statistically associated with SCC. Statistical significance for all aforementioned variables was maintained in the multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The study found a significant association between SCC and multiple exposome-related factors in addition to chronic sun exposure in the Spanish population. Primary prevention strategies should target specific populations, such as outdoor workers promoting sun-safe behaviors and stress-reducing activities, in addition to adequate skin photoprotection in patients under certain medications associated with SCC.

Filiaciones:
Navarro-Bielsa, A:
 Univ Zaragoza, Miguel Servet Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

Gracia-Cazaña, T:
 Univ Zaragoza, Miguel Servet Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

Almagro, M:
 Complejo Hosp Univ Coruna, Dept Dermatol, La Coruna 15006, Spain

de la Fuente-meira, S:
 Hosp Clin Lozano Blesa, Dept Dermatol, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

Flórez, A:
 Univ Hosp Pontevedra, Dept Dermatol, Pontevedra 36162, Spain

Yélamos, O:
 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp Santa Creu i Santa Pau, Dept Dermatol, IIB SANT PAU, Barcelona 08193, Spain

Montero-Vilchez, T:
 Hosp Univ Virgen Nieves, Inst Invest IBS, Dept Dermatol, Granada 18012, Spain

González-Cruz, C:
 Hosp Univ Vall dHebron, Dept Dermatol, Barcelona 08035, Spain

Diago, A:
 Univ Zaragoza, Miguel Servet Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

Abadías-Granado, I:
 Hosp Barbastro, Dept Dermatol, Huesca 22300, Spain

Fuentelsaz, V:
 Hosp Royo Villanova, Dept Dermatol, Zaragoza 50015, Spain

Colmenero, M:
 Hosp Costa Sol, Dept Dermatol, Marbella 29603, Spain

Bañuls, J:
 Hosp Gen Univ Alicante, Dept Dermatol, ISABIAL, Alicante 03010, Spain

Arias-Santiago, S:
 Hosp Univ Virgen Nieves, Inst Invest IBS, Dept Dermatol, Granada 18012, Spain

Buendía-Eisman, A:
 Univ Granada, Fac Med, Granada 18071, Spain

Almenara-Blasco, M:
 Univ Zaragoza, Miguel Servet Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza 50009, Spain

Gil-Pallares, P:
 Univ Santiago Compostela, Complejo Hosp Univ Ferrol, Dept Dermatol, La Coruna 15705, Spain

Gilaberte, Y:
 Univ Zaragoza, Miguel Servet Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
ISSN: 20726694
Editorial
MDPI, ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND, Suiza
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 15 Número: 22
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001109422300001
ID de PubMed: 38001636
imagen gold, All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access

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