Brain aging in major depressive disorder: results from the ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group
Por:
Han, LKM, Dinga, R, Hahn, T, Ching, CRK, Eyler, LT, Aftanas, L, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Baune, BT, Berger, K, Brak, I, Filho, GB, Carballedo, A, Connolly, CG, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Dannlowski, U, Davey, CG, Dima, D, Duran, FLS, Enneking, V, Filimonova, E, Frenzel, S, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Godlewska, BR, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Hall, GB, Harrison, BJ, Hatton, SN, Hermesdorf, M, Hickie, IB, Ho, TC, Hosten, N, Jansen, A, Kahler, C, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Kramer, B, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Leenings, R, MacMaster, FP, MacQueen, G, McIntosh, A, McLellan, Q, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Mueller, BA, Mwangi, B, Osipov, E, Portella, MJ, Pozzi, E, Reneman, L, Repple, J, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Samann, PG, Schnell, K, Schrantee, A, Simulionyte, E, Soares, JC, Sommer, J, Stein, DJ, Steinstrater, O, Strike, LT, Thomopoulos, IT, van Tol, MJ, Veer, IM, Vermeiren, RRJM, Walter, H, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werff, SJA, Whalley, H, Winter, NR, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Wu, MJ, Volzke, H, Yang, TT, Zannias, V, de Zubicaray, GI, Zunta-Soares, GB, Abe, C, Alda, M, Andreassen, OA, Boen, E, Bonnin, CM, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, D, Caseras, X, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Elvsashagen, T, Favre, P, Foley, SF, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Haarman, BCM, Hajek, T, Henry, C, Houenou, J, Howells, FM, Ingvar, M, Kuplicki, R, Lafer, B, Landen, M, Machado-Vieira, R, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Otaduy, MCG, Overs, BJ, Polosan, M, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Rive, MM, Roberts, G, Ruhe, HG, Salvador, R, Sarro, S, Theodore, DS, Savitz, J, Schene, AH, Schofield, PR, Serpa, MH, Sim, K, Soeiro-de-Souza, MG, Sutherland, AN, Temmingh, HS, Timmons, GM, Uhlmann, A, Vieta, E, Wolf, DH, Zanetti, MV, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, Veltman, DJ, Penninx, BWJH, Marquand, AF, Cole, JH, Schmaal, L
Publicada:
1 sep 2021
Resumen:
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of brain atrophy, aging- related diseases, and mortality. We examined potential advanced brain aging in adult MDD patients, and whether this process is associated with clinical characteristics in a large multicenter international dataset. We performed a mega-analysis by pooling brain measures derived from T1-weighted MRI scans from 19 samples worldwide. Healthy brain aging was estimated by predicting chronological age (18-75 years) from 7 subcortical volumes, 34 cortical thickness and 34 surface area, lateral ventricles and total intracranial volume measures separately in 952 male and 1236 female controls from the ENIGMA MDD working group. The learned model coefficients were applied to 927 male controls and 986 depressed males, and 1199 female controls and 1689 depressed females to obtain independent unbiased brain-based age predictions. The difference between predicted "brain age" and chronological age was calculated to indicate brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD). On average, MDD patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +1.08 (SE 0.22) years (Cohen's d = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.08-0.20) compared with controls. However, this difference did not seem to be driven by specific clinical characteristics (recurrent status, remission status, antidepressant medication use, age of onset, or symptom severity). This highly powered collaborative effort showed subtle patterns of age-related structural brain abnormalities in MDD. Substantial within-group variance and overlap between groups were observed. Longitudinal studies of MDD and somatic health outcomes are needed to further assess the clinical value of these brain-PAD estimates.
Filiaciones:
Han, LKM:
Vrije Univ, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Amsterdam Publ Hlth & Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Dinga, R:
Vrije Univ, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Amsterdam Publ Hlth & Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Hahn, T:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Ching, CRK:
Univ Southern Calif, Imaging Genet Ctr, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA
Eyler, LT:
VA San Diego Healthcare, Desert Pacific Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Diego, CA USA
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA
Aftanas, L:
Lab Affect Cognit & Translat Neurosci, FSSBI Sci Res Inst Physiol & Basic Med, Novosibirsk, Russia
Novosibirsk State Univ, Dept Neurosci, Novosibirsk, Russia
Aghajani, M:
Vrije Univ, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Amsterdam Publ Hlth & Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Aleman, A:
Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Neurosci, Groningen, Netherlands
Univ Groningen, Dept Clin & Dev Neuropsychol, Groningen, Netherlands
Baune, BT:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne Med Sch, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Berger, K:
Univ Munster, Inst Epidemiol & Social Med, Munster, Germany
Brak, I:
Lab Affect Cognit & Translat Neurosci, FSSBI Sci Res Inst Physiol & Basic Med, Novosibirsk, Russia
Novosibirsk State Univ, Lab Expt & Translat Neurosci, Novosibirsk, Russia
Filho, GB:
Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21, Inst Psiquiatria Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Carballedo, A:
Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Psychiat, Dublin, Ireland
North Dublin Mental Hlth Serv, Dublin, Ireland
Connolly, CG:
Florida State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Tallahassee, FL USA
Couvy-Duchesne, B:
Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Cullen, KR:
Univ Minnesota, Med Sch, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA
Dannlowski, U:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Davey, CG:
Natl Ctr Excellence Youth Mental Hlth, Orygen, Parkville, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Youth Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Dima, D:
Univ London, Dept Psychol, Sch Arts & Social Sci, London, England
Kings Coll London, Dept Neuroimaging, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England
Duran, FLS:
Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21, Inst Psiquiatria Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Enneking, V:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Filimonova, E:
Lab Affect Cognit & Translat Neurosci, FSSBI Sci Res Inst Physiol & Basic Med, Novosibirsk, Russia
Frenzel, S:
Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany
Frodl, T:
Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Psychiat, Dublin, Ireland
Otto von Guericke Univ OVGU, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Magdeburg, Germany
German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis DZNE, Gottingen, Germany
Fu, CHY:
Kings Coll London, Ctr Affect Disorders, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England
Univ East London, Sch Psychol, London, England
Godlewska, BR:
Univ Oxford, Dept Psychiat, Oxford, England
Gotlib, IH:
Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA USA
Grabe, HJ:
Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany
German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis DZNE, Site Rostock Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Groenewold, NA:
Univ Groningen, Interdisciplinary Ctr Psychopathol & Emot Regulat, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, Cape Town, South Africa
Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa
Grotegerd, D:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Gruber, O:
Heidelberg Univ, Sect Expt Psychopathol & Neuroimaging, Dept Psychiat, Heidelberg, Germany
Hall, GB:
McMaster Univ, Dept Psychol Neurosci & Behaviour, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Harrison, BJ:
Univ Melbourne & Melbourne Hlth, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Hatton, SN:
Univ Sydney, Youth Mental Hlth Team, Brain & Mind Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA USA
Hermesdorf, M:
Univ Munster, Inst Epidemiol & Social Med, Munster, Germany
Hickie, IB:
Univ Sydney, Youth Mental Hlth Team, Brain & Mind Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Ho, TC:
Stanford Univ, Dept Psychol, Stanford, CA USA
Standord Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA USA
Hosten, N:
Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Diagnost Radiol & Neuroradiol, Greifswald, Germany
Jansen, A:
Philipps Univ Marburg, Dept Psychiat, Marburg, Germany
Kahler, C:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Kircher, T:
Philipps Univ Marburg, Dept Psychiat, Marburg, Germany
Klimes-Dougan, B:
Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, Minneapolis, MN USA
Kramer, B:
Heidelberg Univ, Sect Expt Psychopathol & Neuroimaging, Dept Psychiat, Heidelberg, Germany
Krug, A:
Philipps Univ Marburg, Dept Psychiat, Marburg, Germany
Univ Bonn, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Bonn, Germany
Lagopoulos, J:
Univ Sydney, Youth Mental Hlth Team, Brain & Mind Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Univ Sunshine Coast QLD, Sunshine Coast Mind & Neurosci Inst, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia
Leenings, R:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
MacMaster, FP:
Univ Calgary, Dept Psychiat, Calgary, AB, Canada
Univ Calgary, Dept Pediat, Calgary, AB, Canada
Addict & Mental Hlth Strateg Clin Network, Calgary, AB, Canada
MacQueen, G:
Univ Calgary, Dept Psychiat, Calgary, AB, Canada
McIntosh, A:
Univ Edinburgh, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Scotland
McLellan, Q:
Univ Calgary, Dept Psychiat, Calgary, AB, Canada
Univ Calgary, Dept Pediat, Calgary, AB, Canada
Univ Alberta, Fac Med & Dent, Edmonton, AB, Canada
McMahon, KL:
Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Clin Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Medland, SE:
QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Mueller, BA:
Univ Minnesota, Med Sch, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA
Mwangi, B:
Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA
Osipov, E:
Novosibirsk State Univ, Lab Expt & Translat Neurosci, Novosibirsk, Russia
Portella, MJ:
Inst Invest Biomed St Pau, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain
Pozzi, E:
Univ Minnesota, Med Sch, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA
Univ Melbourne & Melbourne Hlth, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Reneman, L:
Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Repple, J:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Rosa, PGP:
Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21, Inst Psiquiatria Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Sacchet, MD:
Harvard Med Sch, McLean Hosp, Ctr Depress Anxiety & Stress Res, Belmont, MA USA
Samann, PG:
Max Planck Inst Psychiat, Munich, Germany
Schnell, K:
Univ Med Ctr Gottingen, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Gottingen, Germany
Asklepios Fachklinikum Gottingen, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Gottingen, Germany
Schrantee, A:
Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Simulionyte, E:
McMaster Univ, Dept Psychol Neurosci & Behaviour, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Soares, JC:
Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA
Sommer, J:
Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, Minneapolis, MN USA
Stein, DJ:
Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, Cape Town, South Africa
Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa
Univ Cape Town, SA MRC Unit Risk & Resilience, Cape Town, South Africa
Steinstrater, O:
Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Diagnost Radiol & Neuroradiol, Greifswald, Germany
Strike, LT:
Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Thomopoulos, IT:
Univ Southern Calif, Imaging Genet Ctr, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA
van Tol, MJ:
Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Cognit Neurosci Ctr, Groningen, Netherlands
Veer, IM:
Charite Univ Med Berlin, Div Mind & Brain Res, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany
Free Univ Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Humboldt Univ, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Inst Hlth, Berlin, Germany
Vermeiren, RRJM:
Univ Med Ctr, Dept Child Psychiat, Leiden, Netherlands
Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Brain & Cognit, Leiden, Netherlands
Walter, H:
Charite Univ Med Berlin, Div Mind & Brain Res, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy CCM, Berlin, Germany
Free Univ Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Humboldt Univ, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Inst Hlth, Berlin, Germany
van der Wee, NJA:
Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Brain & Cognit, Leiden, Netherlands
Leiden Univ, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands
van der Werff, SJA:
Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Brain & Cognit, Leiden, Netherlands
Leiden Univ, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands
Whalley, H:
Univ Edinburgh, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Scotland
Winter, NR:
Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
Wittfeld, K:
Univ Med Greifswald, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany
German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis DZNE, Site Rostock Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Wright, MJ:
Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Univ Queensland, Ctr Adv Imaging, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Wu, MJ:
Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA
Volzke, H:
Univ Med Greifswald, Inst Community Med, Greifswald, Germany
Yang, TT:
UCSF, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, UCSF Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA
Zannias, V:
Univ Edinburgh, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Scotland
de Zubicaray, GI:
Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Queensland Univ Technol, Fac Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Zunta-Soares, GB:
Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA
Abe, C:
Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosc, Osher Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden
Alda, M:
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Psychiat, Halifax, NS, Canada
Andreassen, OA:
Univ Oslo, Inst Clin Med, NORMENT Ctr, Oslo, Norway
Oslo Univ Hosp, Div Mental Hlth & Addict, Oslo, Norway
Boen, E:
Oslo Univ Hosp, Clin Mental Hlth & Dependency, CL Psychiat & Psychosomat Unit, Oslo, Norway
Bonnin, CM:
Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Canales-Rodriguez, EJ:
FIDMAG Germanes Hosp Res Fdn, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Cannon, D:
Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Neuroimaging & Cognit Genom NICOG, Clin Neuroimaging Lab, NCBES Galway Neurosc Ctr,Coll Med Nursing & Hlth, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
Caseras, X:
Cardiff Univ, MRC Ctr Neuropsychiat Genet & Genom, Cardiff, Wales
Chaim-Avancini, TM:
Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21, Inst Psiquiatria Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Elvsashagen, T:
Univ Oslo, Inst Clin Med, Norwegian Ctr Mental Disorders Res, Oslo, Norway
Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Oslo, Norway
Favre, P:
Atom Energy Commiss, UNIACT, Psychiat Team, Neurospin, Gif Sur Yvette, France
Hop Univ Mondor, APHP, Translat Psychiat Team, Pole Psychiat,Fac Med,INSERM,U955, Creteil, France
Foley, SF:
Cardiff Univ, Brain Res Imaging Ctr, Cardiff, Wales
Fullerton, JM:
Neurosci Res Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Univ New South Wales, Sch Med Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Goikolea, JM:
Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Haarman, BCM:
Univ Groningen, Dept Psychiat, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Hajek, T:
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Psychiat, Halifax, NS, Canada
Henry, C:
Univ Paris, Serv Hosp Univ, GHU Paris Psychiat & Neurosci, F-75014 Paris, France
Houenou, J:
Atom Energy Commiss, UNIACT, Psychiat Team, Neurospin, Gif Sur Yvette, France
Hop Univ Mondor, APHP, Translat Psychiat Team, Pole Psychiat,Fac Med,INSERM,U955, Creteil, France
Howells, FM:
Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, Cape Town, South Africa
Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa
Ingvar, M:
Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosc, Osher Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden
Kuplicki, R:
Laureate Inst Brain Res, Tulsa, OK USA
Lafer, B:
Univ Sao Paulo FMUSP, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Landen, M:
Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosc, Osher Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden
Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem, Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden
Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden
Machado-Vieira, R:
Univ Sao Paulo FMUSP, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Malt, UF:
Univ Oslo, Dept Clin Neurosci, Oslo, Norway
Oslo Univ Hosp, Clin Psychiat & Dependency, CL Psychiat & Psychosomat Unit, Oslo, Norway
McDonald, C:
Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Neuroimaging & Cognit Genom NICOG, Clin Neuroimaging Lab, NCBES Galway Neurosc Ctr,Coll Med Nursing & Hlth, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
Mitchell, PB:
Univ New South Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Prince Wales Hosp, Black Dog Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Nabulsi, L:
Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Neuroimaging & Cognit Genom NICOG, Clin Neuroimaging Lab, NCBES Galway Neurosc Ctr,Coll Med Nursing & Hlth, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
Otaduy, MCG:
Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Radiol, Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Overs, BJ:
Neurosci Res Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Polosan, M:
Univ Grenoble Alpes, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
Grenoble Inst Neurosci, INSERM, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
Pomarol-Clotet, E:
FIDMAG Germanes Hosp Res Fdn, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Radua, J:
Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Rive, MM:
Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Roberts, G:
Univ New South Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Prince Wales Hosp, Black Dog Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Ruhe, HG:
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Salvador, R:
FIDMAG Germanes Hosp Res Fdn, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Sarro, S:
FIDMAG Germanes Hosp Res Fdn, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Theodore, DS:
Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA USA
Savitz, J:
Laureate Inst Brain Res, Tulsa, OK USA
Univ Tulsa, Oxley Coll Hlth Sci, Tulsa, OK USA
Schene, AH:
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Schofield, PR:
Neurosci Res Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Univ New South Wales, Sch Med Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Serpa, MH:
Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21, Inst Psiquiatria Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Sim, K:
Inst Mental Hlth, West Region & Res Div, Singapore, Singapore
Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore, Singapore
Soeiro-de-Souza, MG:
Univ Sao Paulo FMUSP, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Sutherland, AN:
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA
Temmingh, HS:
Heidelberg Univ, Sect Expt Psychopathol & Neuroimaging, Dept Psychiat, Heidelberg, Germany
Valkenberg Psychiat Hosp, Cape Town, South Africa
Timmons, GM:
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA
Uhlmann, A:
Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa
Vieta, E:
Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Zanetti, MV:
Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21, Inst Psiquiatria Hosp Clin HCFMUSP, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Hosp Sirio Libanes, Inst Ensino & Pesquisa, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
Jahanshad, N:
Univ Southern Calif, Imaging Genet Ctr, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA
Thompson, PM:
Univ Southern Calif, Imaging Genet Ctr, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informat Inst, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA
Veltman, DJ:
Vrije Univ, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Amsterdam Publ Hlth & Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Penninx, BWJH:
Vrije Univ, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Amsterdam Publ Hlth & Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Marquand, AF:
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Cognit Neurosci, Med Ctr, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Cole, JH:
Kings Coll London, Dept Neuroimaging, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, London, England
UCL, Dept Comp Sci, Ctr Med Image Comp, London, England
UCL, Dementia Res Ctr, Inst Neurol, London, England
Schmaal, L:
Natl Ctr Excellence Youth Mental Hlth, Orygen, Parkville, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Youth Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Green Published, Green Submitted, Green Accepted, hybrid
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