Measurement of airborne nicotine, as a marker of secondhand smoke exposure, in homes with residents who smoke in 9 European countries
Por:
Henderson E., Rodriguez Guerrero L.A., Continente X., Fernández E., Tigova O., Cortés-Francisco N., Semple S., Dobson R., Tzortzi A., Gorini G., Geshanova G., Mons U., Przewozniak K., Precioso J., Brad R., Castellano Y., Fu M., Ballbè M., Amalia B., López M.J., Arechavala T., Gallus S., Lugo A., Liu X., Borroni E., Colombo P., O'Donnell R., Clancy L., Keogan S., Byrne H., Behrakis P., Vardavas C., Vyzikidou V.K., Bakelas G., Mattiampa G., Boffi R., Ruprecht A., De Marco C., Borgini A., Veronese C., Bertoldi M., Tittarelli A., Carreras G., Cortini B., Verdi S., Lachi A., Chellini E., Nicolás Á.L., Trapero-Bertran M., Guerrero D.C., Radu-Loghin C., Nguyen D., Starchenko P., Soriano J.B., Ancochea J., Alonso T., Pastor M.T., Erro M., Roca A., Pérez P., Castillo E.G.
Publicada:
1 ene 2023
Ahead of Print:
1 dic 2022
Resumen:
Objective: Smoke-free policies are effective in preventing secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, but their adoption at home remains largely voluntary. This study aimed to quantify SHS exposure in homes with residents who smoke in Europe according to households’ characteristics, tobacco consumption habits, and national contextual factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study (March 2017–September 2018) based on measurements of air nicotine inside 162 homes with residents who smoke from nine European countries. We installed passive samplers for seven consecutive days to monitor nicotine concentrations. Through self-administered questionnaires, we collected sociodemographic information and the number of individuals who smoke, smoking rules, frequency, location, and quantity of tobacco use in households. Country-level factors included the overall score in the Tobacco Control Scale 2016, the smoking prevalence, and self-reported SHS exposure prevalence. Nicotine concentrations were analyzed as continuous and dichotomous variables, categorized based on the limit of quantification of 0.02 µg/m3. Results: Overall, median nicotine concentration was 0.85 µg/m3 (interquartile range (IQR):0.15–4.42), and there was nicotine presence in 93% of homes. Participants reported that smoking was not permitted in approximately 20% of households, 40% had two or more residents who smoked, and in 79% residents had smoked inside during the week of sampling. We found higher nicotine concentrations in homes: with smell of tobacco smoke inside (1.45 µg/m3 IQR: 0.32–6.34), where smoking was allowed (1.60 µg/m3 IQR: 0.68–7.63), with two or more residents who smoked (2.42 µg/m3 IQR: 0.58–11.0), with more than 40 cigarettes smoked (2.92 µg/m3 IQR: 0.97–10.61), and where two or more residents smoked inside (4.02 µg/m3 IQR: 1.58–11.74). Household nicotine concentrations were significantly higher in countries with higher national smoking prevalence and self-reported SHS exposure prevalence (p < 0.05). Conclusions: SHS concentrations in homes with individuals who smoke were approximately twenty times higher in homes that allowed smoking compared to those reporting smoke-free household rules. Evidence-based interventions promoting smoke-free homes should be implemented in combination with strengthening other MPOWER measures. © 2022
Filiaciones:
Henderson E.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023, Spain
Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Spain
Rodriguez Guerrero L.A.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023, Spain
Continente X.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023, Spain
Center for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 282029, Spain
Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Spain
Fernández E.:
Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 282029, Spain
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
Tigova O.:
Institut Català d'Oncologia, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet 199, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 282029, Spain
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
Cortés-Francisco N.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023, Spain
Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
Semple S.:
Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Scotland, Stirling, FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
University of Stirling (UNISTIR), United Kingdom
Dobson R.:
Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Scotland, Stirling, FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
University of Stirling (UNISTIR), United Kingdom
Tzortzi A.:
George D. Behrakis Research Lab, Hellenic Cancer Society, 17B Ipitou str., Athens, 10557, Greece
Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
Gorini G.:
Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Via Cosimo il Vecchio, 2, Florence, 50139, Italy
Istituto per Lo Studio, La Prevenzione, e La Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Italy
Geshanova G.:
Smoke-free Life Coalition, Slivnitsa Blvd, 257, Sofia, 1202, Bulgaria
Mons U.:
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, 50923, Germany
Cancer Prevention Unit & WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld, 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
Przewozniak K.:
Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Roentgena, 5, Warsaw, 02-781, Poland
The Foundation Smart Health - Health in 3D, Makolagwy 24, Warsaw, 02-811, Poland
Collegium Civitas, 1 Defilad Square, Warsaw, 00-901, Poland
Precioso J.:
Research Center in Child Studies, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
Brad R.:
Healthy Romania Generation 2035 Association, Bucharest, Romania
Castellano Y.:
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
Fu M.:
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
Ballbè M.:
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
Amalia B.:
Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Spain
López M.J.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, Barcelona, 08023, Spain
Center for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 282029, Spain
Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, Barcelona, 08025, Spain
Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut (DCEXS), Doctor Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
Arechavala T.:
Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Spain
Gallus S.:
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS (IRFMN), Italy
Lugo A.:
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS (IRFMN), Italy
Liu X.:
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS (IRFMN), Italy
Borroni E.:
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS (IRFMN), Italy
Colombo P.:
Istituto DOXA, Worldwide Independent Network/Gallup International Association, Italy
O'Donnell R.:
University of Stirling (UNISTIR), United Kingdom
Clancy L.:
TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), Ireland
Keogan S.:
TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), Ireland
Byrne H.:
TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), Ireland
Behrakis P.:
Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
Vardavas C.:
Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
Vyzikidou V.K.:
George D. Behrakis Research Lab, Hellenic Cancer Society, 17B Ipitou str., Athens, 10557, Greece
Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
Bakelas G.:
Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
Mattiampa G.:
Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
Boffi R.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
Ruprecht A.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
De Marco C.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
Borgini A.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
Veronese C.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
Bertoldi M.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
Tittarelli A.:
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Italy
Carreras G.:
Istituto per Lo Studio, La Prevenzione, e La Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Italy
Cortini B.:
Istituto per Lo Studio, La Prevenzione, e La Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Italy
Verdi S.:
Istituto per Lo Studio, La Prevenzione, e La Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Italy
Lachi A.:
Istituto per Lo Studio, La Prevenzione, e La Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Italy
Chellini E.:
Istituto per Lo Studio, La Prevenzione, e La Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Italy
Nicolás Á.L.:
Polytechnic University of Cartagena (UPCT), Spain
Trapero-Bertran M.:
Polytechnic University of Cartagena (UPCT), Spain
Guerrero D.C.:
Polytechnic University of Cartagena (UPCT), Spain
Radu-Loghin C.:
European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP), Belgium
Nguyen D.:
European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP), Belgium
Starchenko P.:
European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP), Belgium
Soriano J.B.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Ancochea J.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Alonso T.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Pastor M.T.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Erro M.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Roca A.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Pérez P.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Castillo E.G.:
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
Green Published, hybrid, All Open Access, Hybrid Gold, Green
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