Antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years
Por:
dos Santos, RG, Osorio, FL, Crippa, JAS, Riba, J, Zuardi, AW, Hallak, JEC
Publicada:
1 jun 2016
Resumen:
To date, pharmacological treatments for mood and anxiety disorders and for drug dependence show limited efficacy, leaving a large number of patients suffering severe and persistent symptoms. Preliminary studies in animals and humans suggest that ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may have antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive properties. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of clinical trials published from 1990 until 2015, assessing these therapeutic properties. Electronic searches were performed using the PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Only clinical trials published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Of these, 151 studies were identified, of which six met the established criteria. Reviewed studies suggest beneficial effects for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety and depression associated with life-threatening diseases, and tobacco and alcohol dependence. All drugs were well tolerated. In conclusion, ayahuasca, psilocybin and LSD may be useful pharmacological tools for the treatment of drug dependence, and anxiety and mood disorders, especially in treatment-resistant patients. These drugs may also be useful pharmacological tools to understand psychiatric disorders and to develop new therapeutic agents. However, all studies reviewed had small sample sizes, and half of them were open-label, proof-of-concept studies. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with more patients are needed to replicate these preliminary findings.
Filiaciones:
dos Santos, RG:
Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Neurociencias & Ciencias Comportamento, Hosp Clin, Av Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
Osorio, FL:
Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Neurosci & Behav, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil
CNPq, Natl Inst Translat Med INCT TM, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
Crippa, JAS:
Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Neurosci & Behav, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil
CNPq, Natl Inst Translat Med INCT TM, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
Riba, J:
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Serv Farmacol Clin, Ctr Invest Medicaments, Barcelona, Spain
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Inst Recerca, Human Expt Neuropsychopharmacol, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Farmacol & Terapeut, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
CIBERSAM, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain
Zuardi, AW:
Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Neurosci & Behav, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil
CNPq, Natl Inst Translat Med INCT TM, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
Hallak, JEC:
Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Neurosci & Behav, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil
CNPq, Natl Inst Translat Med INCT TM, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
Bronze, Green Published
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