Characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with acute liver failure admitted to Australasian intensive care units
Por:
Warrillow, S, Tibballs, H, Bailey, M, McArthur, C, Lawson-Smith, P, Prasad, B, Anstey, M, Venkatesh, B, Dashwood, G, Walsham, J, Holt, A, Wiersema, U, Gattas, D, Zoeller, M, Alvarez, MG, Bellomo, R
Publicada:
1 sep 2019
Resumen:
Objective: Acute liver failure (ALF) leads to severe illness and usually requires admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite its importance, little is known about patients with ALF in Australia and New Zealand.
Design: Binational observational study to evaluate the aetiology, baseline characteristics, patterns of illness, management, and outcomes for patients with ALF admitted to Australian and New Zealand ICUs.
Setting: All six Australian and New Zealand ICUs in liver transplant centres submitted de-identified data for ten or more consecutive patients with ALF. Data were obtained from the clinical record and included baseline characteristics, aetiology, mode of presentation, illness severity, markers of liver failure, critical care interventions, utilisation of transplantation, and hospital outcome.
Results: We studied 62 patients with ALF. Paracetamol overdose (POD) was the underlying cause of ALF in 53% of patients (33/62), with staggered ingestion in 42% of patients (14/33). Among patients with POD, 70% (23/33) were young women, most had psychiatric diagnoses, and most presented relatively early with overt liver failure. This group were transplanted in only 6% of cases (2/33) and had an overall mortality of 24% (8/33). The remaining patients with ALF had less common conditions, such as hepatitis B and non-paracetamol drug-induced ALF. These patients presented later and exhibited less extreme evidence of acute hepatic necrosis. Transplantation was performed in 38% of patients (11/29) in this subgroup. The mortality of non-transplanted non-POD patients was 56% (10/18). Illness severity at ICU admission, initial requirement for organ support therapies and length of hospital stay were similar between patients with POD and non-POD ALF.
Conclusion: POD is the major cause of ALF in Australian and New Zealand liver transplant centres and is a unique and separate form of ALF. It has a much lower associated mortality and treatment with liver transplantation than non-POD ALF. Non-POD patients have a poor prognosis in the absence of transplantation.
Filiaciones:
Warrillow, S:
Austin Hlth, Dept Intens Care, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Tibballs, H:
Austin Hlth, Dept Intens Care, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Bailey, M:
Monash Univ, Australian & New Zealand Intens Care Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
McArthur, C:
Med Res Inst New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
Auckland City Hosp, Dept Crit Care Med, Auckland, New Zealand
Lawson-Smith, P:
Auckland City Hosp, Dept Crit Care Med, Auckland, New Zealand
Prasad, B:
South Metropolitan Hlth Serv, Rockingham, WA, Australia
Anstey, M:
Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Perth, WA, Australia
Venkatesh, B:
Princess Alexandra Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Dashwood, G:
Princess Alexandra Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Walsham, J:
Princess Alexandra Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Holt, A:
Flinders Med Ctr, Dept Intens Care, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Wiersema, U:
Flinders Med Ctr, Dept Intens Care, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Gattas, D:
Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Zoeller, M:
Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Alvarez, MG:
Univ Barcelona, Hosp Santa Creu & St Pau, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Barcelona, Spain
Bellomo, R:
Austin Hlth, Dept Intens Care, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Royal Melbourne Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Univ Melbourne, Austin Hosp, Data Analyt Res & Evaluat DARE Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
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