Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations
Por:
Shah, R, Agarwal, A, Kavoussi, P, Rambhatla, A, Saleh, R, Cannarella, R, Harraz, AM, Boitrelle, F, Kuroda, S, Hamoda, TAAAM, Zini, A, Ko, E, Calik, G, Toprak, T, Kandil, H, Gul, M, Parekh, N, Russo, GI, Tadros, N, Kadioglu, A, Arafa, M, Chung, E, Rajmil, O, Dimitriadis, F, Malhotra, V, Salvio, G, Henkel, R, Le, TV, Sogutdelen, E, Vij, S, Alarbid, A, Gudeloglu, A, Tsujimura, A, Calogero, AE, El Meliegy, A, Crafa, A, Kalkanli, A, Baser, A, Hazir, B, Giulioni, C, Cho, CL, Ho, CCK, Salzano, C, Zylbersztejn, DS, Tien, DMB, Pescatori, E, Borges, E, Serefoglu, EC, Sais-Hamza, E, Huyghe, E, Ceyhan, E, Caroppo, E, Castiglioni, F, Bahar, F, Gokalp, F, Lombardo, F, Gadda, F, Duarsa, GWK, Pinggera, GM, Busetto, GM, Balercia, G, Cito, G, Blecher, G, Franco, G, Liguori, G, Elbardisi, H, Keskin, H, Lin, H, Taniguchi, H, Park, HJ, Ziouziou, I, de la Rosette, J, Hotaling, J, Ramsay, J, Molina, JMC, Lo, KL, Bocu, K, Khalafalla, K, Bowa, K, Okada, K, Nagao, K, Chiba, K, Hakim, L, Makarounis, K, Hehemann, M, Pena, MR, Falcone, M, Bendayan, M, Martinez, M, Timpano, M, Altan, M, Fode, M, Al-Marhoon, MS, Gilani, MAS, Soebadi, MA, Gherabi, N, Sofikitis, N, Birowo, P, Kothari, P, Sindhwani, P, Javed, Q, Ambar, RF, Kosgi, R, Abou Ghayda, R, Adriansjah, R, Condorelli, RA, La Vignera, S, Micic, S, Kim, SHK, Fukuhara, S, Ahn, ST, Mostafa, T, Ong, TA, Takeshima, T, Amano, T, Barrett, T, Arslan, U, Karthikeyan, VS, Atmoko, W, Yumura, Y, Yuan, YM, Kato, Y, Jezek, D, Cheng, BKC, Hatzichristodoulou, G, Dy, J, Castane, ER, El-Sakka, AI, Bakircioglu, ME, Nguyen, Q, Sarikaya, S, Boeri, L, Tan, R, Moussa, MA, El-Assmy, A, Alali, H, Alhathal, N, Osman, Y, Perovic, D, Sajadi, H, Akhavizadegan, H, Vucinic, M, Kattan, S, Kattan, MS, Mogharabian, N, Phuoc, NHV, Ngoo, KS, Alkandari, MH, Alsuhaibani, S, Sokolakis, I, Babaei, M, King, MS, Diemer, T, Gava, MM, Henrique, R, Silva, RSE, Paul, GM, Mierzwa, TC, Glina, S, Siddiqi, K, Wu, H, Wurzacher, J, Farkouh, A, Son, H, Minhas, S, Lee, J, Magsanoc, N, Capogrosso, P, Albano, GJ, Lewis, SEM, Jayasena, CN, Alvarez, JG, Teo, C, Smith, RP, Chua, JB, Jensen, CFS, Parekattil, S, Finelli, R, Durairajanayagam, D, Karna, KK, Ahmed, A, Evenson, D, Umemoto, Y, Puigvert, A, Ceker, G, Colpi, GM
Publicada:
1 ene 2023
Ahead of Print:
1 jun 2022
Resumen:
Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore global practice patterns on the management of varicocele in the context of male infertility. Materials and Methods: Sixty practicing urologists/andrologists from 23 countries contributed 382 multiple-choice-questions pertaining to varicocele management. These were condensed into an online questionnaire that was forwarded to clinicians involved in male infertility management through direct invitation. The results were analyzed for disagreement and agreement in practice patterns and, compared with the latest guidelines of international professional societies (American Urological As-sociation [AUA], American Society for Reproductive Medicine [ASRM], and European Association of Urology [EAU]), and with evidence emerging from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Additionally, an expert opinion on each topic was provided based on the consensus of 16 experts in the field. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 574 clinicians from 59 countries. The majority of respondents were urologists/ uro-andrologists. A wide diversity of opinion was seen in every aspect of varicocele diagnosis, indications for repair, choice of technique, management of sub-clinical varicocele and the role of VR in azoospermia. A significant proportion of the re-sponses were at odds with the recommendations of AUA, ASRM, and EAU. A large number of clinical situations were identi-fied where no guidelines are available. Conclusions: This study is the largest global survey performed to date on the clinical management of varicocele for male in-fertility. It demonstrates: 1) a wide disagreement in the approach to varicocele management, 2) large gaps in the clinical prac-tice guidelines from professional societies, and 3) the need for further studies on several aspects of varicocele management in infertile men.
Filiaciones:
Shah, R:
Lilavati Hosp & Res Ctr, Dept Urol, Div Androl, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Agarwal, A:
Cleveland Clin, Amer Ctr Reprod Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Kavoussi, P:
Austin Fertil & Reprod Med Westlake IVF, Austin, TX USA
Rambhatla, A:
Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Dept Urol, Vattikuti Urol Inst, Detroit, MI USA
Saleh, R:
Sohag Univ, Fac Med, Dept Dermatol Venereol & Androl, Sohag, Egypt
Cannarella, R:
Univ Catania, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy
Harraz, AM:
Mansoura Univ, Urol & Nephrol Ctr, Mansoura, Egypt
Farwaniya Hosp, Dept Surg, Urol Unit, Farwaniya, Kuwait
Sabah Al Ahmad Urol Ctr, Dept Urol, Kuwait, Kuwait
Boitrelle, F:
Poissy Hosp, Dept Reprod Biol Fertil Preservat Androl, CECOS, Poissy, France
Paris Saclay Univ, Dept Biol Reprod Epigenet Environm & Dev, UVSQ, INRAE,BREED, Jouy En Josas, France
Kuroda, S:
Cleveland Clin, Amer Ctr Reprod Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Hamoda, TAAAM:
King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Urol, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Minia Univ, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Al Minya, Egypt
Zini, A:
McGill Univ, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Ko, E:
Loma Linda Univ Hlth, Dept Urol, Loma Linda, CA USA
Calik, G:
Istanbul Medipol Univ, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Istanbul, Turkey
Toprak, T:
Univ Hlth Sci, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training & Res Hosp, Dept Urol, Istanbul, Turkey
Kandil, H:
Fakih IVF Fertil Ctr, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates
Gul, M:
Selcuk Univ, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Konya, Turkey
Parekh, N:
Cleveland Clin, Dept Urol, Glickman Urol & Kidney Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Russo, GI:
Univ Catania, Urol Sect, Catania, Italy
Tadros, N:
Southern Illinois Univ, Div Urol, Sch Med, Springfield, IL USA
Kadioglu, A:
Istanbul Univ, Istanbul Fac Med, Dept Urol, Sect Androl, Istanbul, Turkey
Arafa, M:
Cleveland Clin, Amer Ctr Reprod Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Hamad Med Corp, Dept Urol, Doha, Qatar
Weill Cornell Med Qatar, Dept Urol, Doha, Qatar
Chung, E:
Univ Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hosp, Dept Urol, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Rajmil, O:
Fundacio Puigvert, Dept Androl, Barcelona, Spain
Dimitriadis, F:
Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Urol, Thessaloniki, Greece
Malhotra, V:
SCM Clin & Hosp, New Delhi, India
Salvio, G:
Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Endocrinol, Ancona, Italy
Henkel, R:
Imperial Coll London, Dept Metab Digest & Reprod, London, England
Univ Western Cape, Dept Med Biosci, Bellville, South Africa
Le, TV:
Binh Dan Hosp, Dept Androl, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Pham Ngoc Thach Univ Med, Dept Urol & Androl, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Sogutdelen, E:
Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Urol, Bolu, Turkey
Vij, S:
Cleveland Clin, Dept Urol, Glickman Urol & Kidney Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Alarbid, A:
Farwaniya Hosp, Dept Surg, Urol Unit, Farwaniya, Kuwait
Gudeloglu, A:
Hacettepe Univ, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Ankara, Turkey
Tsujimura, A:
Juntendo Univ, Dept Urol, Urayasu Hosp, Chiba, Japan
Calogero, AE:
Univ Catania, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy
El Meliegy, A:
Cairo Univ, Fac Med, Dept Androl Sexol & STIs, Cairo, Egypt
Crafa, A:
Univ Catania, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy
Kalkanli, A:
Taksim Educ & Res Hosp, Dept Urol, Istanbul, Turkey
Baser, A:
Bandirma Onyedi Eylul Univ, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Balikesir, Turkey
Hazir, B:
Lund Univ, Clin Res Ctr, Reprod Med, Malmo, Sweden
Giulioni, C:
Polytech Univ Marche Reg, Dept Urol, Ancona, Italy
Cho, CL:
Chinese Univ Hong Kong, SH Ho Urol Ctr, Dept Surg, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Ho, CCK:
Univ Teknol Mara UiTM Specialist Ctr, Dept Urol, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Salzano, C:
ASL Napoli 1 Ctr, PO San Giovanni Bosco, Naples, Italy
Zylbersztejn, DS:
Fleury Grp, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Tien, DMB:
Binh Dan Hosp, Dept Androl, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Pescatori, E:
Gynepro Med, Androl & Reprod Med Unit, Bologna, Italy
Borges, E:
Fertil Med Grp, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Serefoglu, EC:
Biruni Univ, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Istanbul, Turkey
Sais-Hamza, E:
Poissy Hosp, Dept Reprod Biol Fertil Preservat Androl, CECOS, Poissy, France
Paris Saclay Univ, Dept Biol Reprod Epigenet Environm & Dev, UVSQ, INRAE,BREED, Jouy En Josas, France
Huyghe, E:
Univ Hosp Toulouse, Dept Urol & Androl, Toulouse, France
Ceyhan, E:
Baskent Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Konya, Turkey
Caroppo, E:
Asl Bari, Reprod & IVF Unit, Androl Outpatients Clin, Conversano, BA, Italy
Castiglioni, F:
ART Ctr San Carlo Clin, Androl Unit, Milan, Italy
Bahar, F:
Siloam Sriwijaya Hosp, Androl Sect, Palembang, Indonesia
Gokalp, F:
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ, Dept Urol, Antakya, Turkey
Lombardo, F:
Univ Rome Sapienza, Dept Expt Med, Lab Seminol Sperm Bank Loredana Gandini, Rome, Italy
Gadda, F:
IRCCS Fdn Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Dept Urol, Milan, Italy
Duarsa, GWK:
Udayana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Denpasar, Indonesia
Pinggera, GM:
Innsbruck Med Univ, Dept Urol, Innsbruck, Austria
Busetto, GM:
Univ Foggia, Dept Urol & Organ Transplantat, Osped Riuniti Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Balercia, G:
Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Endocrinol, Ancona, Italy
Cito, G:
Univ Florence, Dept Urol, Florence, Italy
Blecher, G:
Monash Univ, Sch Clin Sci, Dept Surg, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Alfred Hosp, Dept Urol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Franco, G:
Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Urol, Policlin Umberto 1, Rome, Italy
Liguori, G:
Univ Trieste, Dept Urol, Trieste, Italy
Elbardisi, H:
Hamad Med Corp, Dept Urol, Doha, Qatar
Weill Cornell Med Qatar, Dept Urol, Doha, Qatar
Keskin, H:
Hacettepe Univ, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Ankara, Turkey
Lin, H:
Peking Univ, Peking Univ Hosp 3, Dept Urol, Beijing, Peoples R China
Taniguchi, H:
Kansai Med Univ, Dept Urol & Androl, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
Park, HJ:
Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Busan, South Korea
Pusan Natl Univ Hosp, Med Res Inst, Busan, South Korea
Ziouziou, I:
Ibn Zohr Univ, Coll Med & Pharm, Dept Urol, Agadir, Morocco
de la Rosette, J:
Istanbul Medipol Mega Univ Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Istanbul, Turkey
Hotaling, J:
Univ Utah, Dept Surg Urol, Salt Lake City, UT USA
Ramsay, J:
Hammersmith Hosp, Dept Androl, Imperial, London, England
Molina, JMC:
Hosp Clin Barcelona, Serv Urol, Barcelona, Spain
Lo, KL:
Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Bocu, K:
Silopi State Hosp, Dept Urol, Sirnak, Turkey
Khalafalla, K:
Hamad Med Corp, Dept Urol, Doha, Qatar
Univ Illinois, Dept Urol, Chicago, IL USA
Bowa, K:
Univ Lusaka, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Urol, Lusaka, Zambia
Okada, K:
Kobe Univ, Dept Urol, Grad Sch Med, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
Nagao, K:
Toho Univ, Dept Urol, Fac Med, Tokyo, Japan
Chiba, K:
Kobe Univ, Dept Urol, Grad Sch Med, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
Hakim, L:
Univ Airlangga, Dept Urol, Rumah Sakit Univ Airlangga Teaching Hosp, Surabaya, Indonesia
Makarounis, K:
Locus Medicus, Dept Urol & Androl, Athens, Greece
Hehemann, M:
Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Pena, MR:
Univ Buenos Aires, Inst Ginecol & Fertilidad IFER, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
Falcone, M:
Univ Turin, Molinette Hosp, Dept Urol, AOU Citta Salute & Sci, Turin, Italy
Bendayan, M:
Poissy Hosp, Dept Reprod Biol Fertil Preservat Androl, CECOS, Poissy, France
Paris Saclay Univ, Dept Biol Reprod Epigenet Environm & Dev, UVSQ, INRAE,BREED, Jouy En Josas, France
Martinez, M:
Univ Santo Tomas Hosp, Dept Surg, Sect Urol, Manila, Philippines
Timpano, M:
Univ Turin, Molinette Hosp, Dept Urol, AOU Citta Salute & Sci, Turin, Italy
Altan, M:
Haceppete Univ, Dept Urol, Ankara, Turkey
Fode, M:
Herlev & Gentofte Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Copenhagen, Denmark
Univ Copenhagen, Dept Clin Med, Copenhagen, Denmark
Al-Marhoon, MS:
Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Surg, Urol Div, Muscat, Oman
Gilani, MAS:
ACECR, Reprod Biomed Res Ctr, Dept Androl, Royan Inst Reprod Biomed, Tehran, Iran
Soebadi, MA:
Univ Airlangga, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Surabaya, Indonesia
Gherabi, N:
Algerian Assoc Urol, Androl Comm, Algiers, Algeria
Sofikitis, N:
Ioannina Univ, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Ioannina, Greece
Birowo, P:
Univ Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Gen Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Jakarta, Indonesia
Kothari, P:
BYI Nair Ch Hosp, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Sindhwani, P:
Univ Toledo, Dept Urol, Coll Med & Life Sci, Toledo, OH USA
Javed, Q:
Al Ahlia Hosp Abu Dhabi UAE, Dept Urol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates
Ambar, RF:
Ctr Univ Saude ABC, Dept Urol, Santo Andre, Brazil
Ideia Fertil Inst Human Reprod, Androl Grp, Santo Andre, Brazil
Kosgi, R:
AIG Hosp, Dept Urol & Androl, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Abou Ghayda, R:
Case Western Reserve Univ, Urol Inst, Univ Hosp, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Adriansjah, R:
Univ Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Gen Hosp, Dept Urol, Fac Med, Banding, Indonesia
Condorelli, RA:
Univ Catania, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy
La Vignera, S:
Univ Catania, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy
Micic, S:
Uromed Polyclin, Dept Androl, Belgrade, Serbia
Kim, SHK:
IVF Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Macquarie Univ, Macquarie Sch Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Fukuhara, S:
Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Urol, Osaka, Japan
Ahn, ST:
Korea Univ, Dept Urol, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea
Mostafa, T:
Cairo Univ, Fac Med, Dept Androl Sexol & STIs, Cairo, Egypt
Ong, TA:
Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Surg, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Takeshima, T:
Yokohama City Univ Med Ctr, Reprod Ctr, Dept Urol, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Amano, T:
Nagano Red Cross Hosp, Dept Urol, Nagano, Japan
Barrett, T:
Perth Urol Clin, Perth, WA, Australia
Arslan, U:
Univ Hlth Sci, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training & Res Hosp, Dept Urol, Istanbul, Turkey
Karthikeyan, VS:
Apollo Hosp, Dept Urol, Androl Unit, Greams Rd, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Atmoko, W:
AIG Hosp, Dept Urol & Androl, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Yumura, Y:
Yokohama City Univ Med Ctr, Reprod Ctr, Dept Urol, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Yuan, YM:
Peking Univ, Peking Univ Hosp 1, Androl Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China
Peking Univ, Peking Univ Hosp 1, Urol Dept, Beijing, Peoples R China
Kato, Y:
Kanazawa Univ, Dept Integrat Canc Therapy & Urol, Grad Sch Med Sci, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
Jezek, D:
Univ Zagreb, Univ Hosp Zagreb, Sch Med,Reprod Tissue Bank, Dept Transfus Med & Transplantat Biol, Zagreb, Croatia
Cheng, BKC:
United Christian Hosp, Dept Surg, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Hatzichristodoulou, G:
Martha Maria Hosp Nuremberg, Dept Urol, Nurnberg, Germany
Dy, J:
St Lukes Med Ctr, Pelv Floor Ctr, Stone & Prostate Treatment Serv, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
St Lukes Med Ctr, Anorectal Dis, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Castane, ER:
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Androl, Fundacio Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain
El-Sakka, AI:
Suez Canal Univ, Fac Med, Dept Urol, Ismailia, Egypt
Bakircioglu, ME:
SENSART Clin, Istanbul, Turkey
Nguyen, Q:
Viet Duc Univ Hosp, Ctr Androl & Sexual Med, Hanoi, Vietnam
Vietnam Natl Univ, Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Urol Androl & Sexual Med, Hanoi, Vietnam
Sarikaya, S:
Univ Hlth Sci, Gulhane Res & Training Hosp, Dept Urol, Ankara, Turkey
Boeri, L:
IRCCS Fdn Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Dept Urol, Milan, Italy
Tan, R:
Adv Urol Associates, Singapore, Singapore
Mt Elizabeth Hosp, Singapore, Singapore
Moussa, MA:
Lebanese Univ, Dept Urol, Beirut, Lebanon
UMC, Dept Urol, Al Zahraa Hosp, Beirut, Lebanon
El-Assmy, A:
Mansoura Univ, Urol & Nephrol Ctr, Mansoura, Egypt
Alali, H:
King Fahad Specialist Hosp, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Alhathal, N:
King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Osman, Y:
Mansoura Univ, Urol & Nephrol Ctr, Mansoura, Egypt
Perovic, D:
Univ Montenegro, CODRA Hosp, Urol & Androl Ctr, Podgorica, Montenegro
Sajadi, H:
BYI Nair Ch Hosp, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Akhavizadegan, H:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sina Hosp, Dept Urol, Tehran, Iran
Vucinic, M:
Uzice Gen Hosp, Dept Urol, Zlatibor, Serbia
Kattan, S:
King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Kattan, MS:
King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Mogharabian, N:
Shahroud Univ Med Sci, Sexual Hlth & Fertil Res Ctr, Shahroud, Iran
Phuoc, NHV:
Binh Dan Hosp, Dept Androl, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Ngoo, KS:
Hosp Angkatan Tentera Tuanku Mizan, Dept Surg, Urol Unit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Alkandari, MH:
Kuwait Univ, Mubarak Al Kabeer Teaching Hosp, Dept Urol, Jabriya, Kuwait
Alsuhaibani, S:
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dept Med, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Sokolakis, I:
Martha Maria Hosp Nuremberg, Dept Urol, Nurnberg, Germany
Babaei, M:
Univ Tehran Med Sci, Shariati Med Ctr, Dept Androl, Tehran, Iran
King, MS:
Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Surg, Div Urol, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Diemer, T:
Justus Liebig Univ Giessen GER, Univ Hosp Giessen & Marburg GmbH, Dept Urol Pediat Urol & Androl, Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
Gava, MM:
Ctr Univ Saude ABC, Dept Urol, Santo Andre, Brazil
Ideia Fertil Inst Human Reprod, Androl Grp, Santo Andre, Brazil
Henrique, R:
Santa Casa Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
Silva, RSE:
Ctr Univ Saude ABC, Dept Urol, Santo Andre, Brazil
Ideia Fertil Inst Human Reprod, Androl Grp, Santo Andre, Brazil
Paul, GM:
Univ Fed Parana, Dept Urol, Hosp Clin, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Mierzwa, TC:
Fertil Clin, Androlab, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Glina, S:
Ctr Univ Saude ABC, Dept Urol, Santo Andre, Brazil
Siddiqi, K:
Cleveland Clin, Dept Urol, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates
Wu, H:
PKU 3rd Hosp Reprod Med Ctr, Dept Androl, Beijing, Peoples R China
Wurzacher, J:
Univ Hosp Innsbruck, Dept Urol, Innsbruck, Austria
Farkouh, A:
Cleveland Clin, Amer Ctr Reprod Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Son, H:
SMG SNU Boramae Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Seoul, South Korea
Minhas, S:
Imperial Coll London, Dept Surg & Canc, Div Surg, London, England
Lee, J:
Natl Univ Singapore Hosp, Dept Urol, Singapore, Singapore
Magsanoc, N:
Univ Philippines, Dept Surg, Coll Med, Manila, Philippines
Capogrosso, P:
Univ Insubria, Dept Urol, Varese, Italy
Albano, GJ:
Univ Santo Tomas Hosp, Dept Surg, Sect Urol, Manila, Philippines
Lewis, SEM:
Examenlab Ltd, Belfast, North Ireland
Jayasena, CN:
Imperial Coll London, Dept Reprod Endocrinol & Androl, London, England
Hammersmith & St Marys Hosp, Dept Androl, London, England
Alvarez, JG:
Ctr ANDROGEN, Dept Androl, La Coruna, Spain
Teo, C:
Gleneagles Hosp, Dept Urol, Singapore, Singapore
Smith, RP:
Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA
Chua, JB:
East Ave Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Quezon City, Philippines
Jensen, CFS:
Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Herlev & Gentofte Hosp, Herlev, Denmark
Parekattil, S:
Avant Concierge Urol, Winter Garden, FL USA
Univ Cent Florida, Winter Garden, FL USA
Finelli, R:
Cleveland Clin, Amer Ctr Reprod Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Durairajanayagam, D:
Univ Teknol MARA, Fac Med, Dept Physiol, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Karna, KK:
Cleveland Clin, Amer Ctr Reprod Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
Ahmed, A:
Sabah Al Ahmad Urol Ctr, Dept Urol, Kuwait, Kuwait
Evenson, D:
SCSA Diagnost, Brookings, SD USA
Umemoto, Y:
Nagoya City West Med Ctr, Dept Nephrourol, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Puigvert, A:
Quiron Hosp, Urol & Human Reprod Unit, Barcelona, Spain
Ceker, G:
Basaksehir Cam & Sakura City Hosp, Dept Urol, Istanbul, Turkey
Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit Univ, Dept Embryol & Histol, Inst Hlth Sci, Zonguldak, Turkey
Colpi, GM:
Next Fertil Procrea, Lugano, Switzerland
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