Perception of environmental problems and common mental disorders (CMD)
Por:
Rocha K., Pérez K., Rodríguez-Sanz M., Obiols J.E., Borrell C.
Publicada:
1 ene 2012
Resumen:
Background: In the past few years, there has been increasing interest in studying the association between problems in the neighbourhood environment and health indicators. The Objective: of this study is to examine the relationship between the perception of environmental problems by individuals and the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) in Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from a large scale national representative survey of households (the 2006 Spanish National Health Survey). Participants included in the study were aged between 16 and 64 years (n = 23,760). The dependent variable was common mental disorders assessed with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The independent variable was the individual's perception of environmental problems. Raw and adjusted Odds Ratios and their confidence intervals (95%) were calculated by fitting logistic regression models adjusting for age, marital status, work situation, social class, rural or urban area, country of origin, restrictions in carrying out activities of daily life due to a health problem and social support. Results: The individuals who reported environmental problems had a higher prevalence of CMD. There was a clear increasing gradient in CMD prevalence with the increase in the number of environmental problems mentioned. Among the subjects who reported to have 1 or no environmental problem the prevalence of CMD was 11.8% (men) and 18.7% (women), and among those who mentioned 6 or more problems, the prevalence increased to 20.8% (men) and 35.4% (women). After adjusting for all the covariables, there is an association between environmental problems and CMD (men OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.08-1.66; women OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.27-1.67). The environmental problems most strongly associated with the prevalence of CMD are noise, bad smell, air pollution, and lack of green areas. Conclusion:s: Our findings show that individuals who perceive environmental problems in their neighbourhood have a higher prevalence of CMD, even after adjusting for all co-variables. In addition, there is a clear increasing gradient in the prevalence of CMD with the increase in the number of environmental problems. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of CMD must be directed to improve individual and contextual risks. © Springer-Verlag 2011.
Filiaciones:
Rocha K.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Pl. Lesseps 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
Departament de Psicologia, Clinica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
Pérez K.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Pl. Lesseps 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
Rodríguez-Sanz M.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Pl. Lesseps 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
Obiols J.E.:
Departament de Psicologia, Clinica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Borrell C.:
Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Pl. Lesseps 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
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